DBMS > Cassandra vs. eXtremeDB vs. HEAVY.AI vs. Lovefield vs. Memgraph

System Properties Comparison Cassandra vs. eXtremeDB vs. HEAVY.AI vs. Lovefield vs. Memgraph

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Wide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB

Optimized for write access

Natively in-memory DBMS with options for persistency, high-availability and clustering

A high performance, column-oriented RDBMS, specifically developed to harness the massive parallelism of modern CPU and GPU hardware

Embeddable relational database for web apps written in pure JavaScript

An open source graph database built for real-time streaming and compatible with Neo4j

Primary database model

Wide column store

Relational DBMS
Time Series DBMS

Relational DBMS

Graph DBMS

Secondary database models

Vector DBMS

starting with release V5

Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	101.89
Rank	#12	Overall
	#1	Wide column stores

Score	0.74
Rank	#223	Overall
	#103	Relational DBMS
	#18	Time Series DBMS

Score	1.77
Rank	#141	Overall
	#65	Relational DBMS

Score	0.29
Rank	#293	Overall
	#133	Relational DBMS

Score	3.02
Rank	#98	Overall
	#8	Graph DBMS

Website

cassandra.apache.org

www.mcobject.com

github.com/heavyai/heavydb
www.heavy.ai

google.github.io/lovefield

memgraph.com

Technical documentation

cassandra.apache.org/doc/latest

www.mcobject.com/docs/extremedb.htm

docs.heavy.ai

github.com/google/lovefield/blob/master/docs/spec_index.md

memgraph.com/docs

Social network pages

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top level project, originally developped by Facebook

McObject

HEAVY.AI, Inc.

Google

Memgraph Ltd

Initial release

2008

2001

2016

2014

2017

Current release

4.1.3, July 2023

8.2, 2021

5.10, January 2022

2.1.12, February 2017

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache version 2

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2; enterprise edition available

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

BSL 1.1; commercial license for enterprise edition available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.

Implementation language

Java

C and C++

C++ and CUDA

JavaScript

C and C++

Server operating systems

BSD
Linux
OS X
Windows

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows

Linux

server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)

tested with Chrome, Firefox, IE, Safari

Linux

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

schema-free and schema-optional

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

support of XML interfaces available

Secondary indexes

restricted

only equality queries, not always the best performing solution

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)

yes

with the option: eXtremeSQL

yes

SQL-like query language

via JavaScript builder pattern

APIs and other access methods

Proprietary protocol

CQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift

.NET Client API
JDBC
JNI
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
RESTful HTTP API

JDBC
ODBC
Thrift
Vega

Bolt protocol
Cypher query language

Supported programming languages

C#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript

Node.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
Lua
Python
Scala

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC/Thrift
Python

JavaScript

.Net
C
C++
Elixir
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Triggers

yes

by defining events

Using read-only observers

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

no "single point of failure"

horizontal partitioning / sharding

Sharding

Round robin

none

Sharding

dynamic graph partitioning

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

selectable replication factor

Representation of geographical distribution of servers is possible

Active Replication Fabric™ for IoT
Multi-source replication

by means of eXtremeDB Cluster option
Source-replica replication

by means of eXtremeDB High Availability option

Multi-source replication

none

Multi-source replication using RAFT

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

can be individually decided for each write operation

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

relationships in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

Atomicity and isolation are supported for single operations

ACID

with snapshot isolation

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Optimistic (MVCC) and pessimistic (locking) strategies available

yes

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

yes, by using IndexedDB or the cloud service Firebase Realtime Database

yes

with periodic snapshot and write-ahead logging (WAL) of changes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

using MemoryDB

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users can be defined per object

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Users, roles and permissions

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

Apache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
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eXtremeDB is an in-memory and/or persistent database system that offers an ultra-small...
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Memgraph directly connects to your streaming infrastructure so you and your team...
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Competitive advantages

No single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
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eXtremeDB databases can be modeled relationally or as objects and can utilize SQL...
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Business Source License ensures a future for the Memgraph community MAGE algorithm...
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Typical application scenarios

Internet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
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IoT application across all markets: Industrial Control, Netcom, Telecom, Defense,...
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Graph algorithms in bioinformatics Social network analysis Cryptocurrency network...
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Key customers

Apple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
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Schneider Electronics, F5 Networks, TNS, Boeing, Northrop Grumman, GoPro, ViaSat,...
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Market metrics

Cassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
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With hundreds of customers and over 30 million devices/applications using the product...
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Licensing and pricing models

Apache licenseÂ Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
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For server use cases, there is a simple per-server license irrespective of the number...
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You can check out our pricing model and licenses on the company website .
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