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DBMS > Cassandra vs. Google BigQuery vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. SAP IQ vs. Snowflake

System Properties Comparison Cassandra vs. Google BigQuery vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. SAP IQ vs. Snowflake

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCassandra  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle BigQuery  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonSAP IQ infoformer name: Sybase IQ  Xexclude from comparisonSnowflake  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionWide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessLarge scale data warehouse service with append-only tablesElastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerColumnar RDBMS optimized for Big Data analyticsCloud-based data warehousing service for structured and semi-structured data
Primary database modelWide column storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn-orientedRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS infostarting with release V5
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score101.89
Rank#12  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score60.38
Rank#19  Overall
#13  Relational DBMS
Score20.56
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Score2.75
Rank#104  Overall
#53  Relational DBMS
Score121.33
Rank#9  Overall
#6  Relational DBMS
Websitecassandra.apache.orgcloud.google.com/­bigqueryazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticswww.sap.com/­products/­technology-platform/­sybase-iq-big-data-management.htmlwww.snowflake.com
Technical documentationcassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latestcloud.google.com/­bigquery/­docsdocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticshelp.sap.com/­docs/­SAP_IQdocs.snowflake.net/­manuals/­index.html
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookGoogleMicrosoftSAP, formerly SybaseSnowflake Computing Inc.
Initial release20082010201619942014
Current release4.1.3, July 202316.1 SPS04, April 2019
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2commercialcommercialcommercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesyesnoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.
Implementation languageJavaC++
Server operating systemsBSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
hostedhostedAIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
hosted
Data schemeschema-freeyesyesyesyes infosupport of semi-structured data formats (JSON, XML, Avro)
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonononoyes
Secondary indexesrestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionnoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)yesyesyesyes
APIs and other access methodsProprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
RESTful HTTP/JSON APIADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
PHP
Python
Ruby
C#
Java
PHP
C
C#
C++
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnouser defined functions infoin JavaScriptTransact SQLyesuser defined functions
Triggersyesnonoyesno infosimilar concept for controling cloud resources
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infono "single point of failure"noneSharding, horizontal partitioningshared disk or shared nothing architectures with SAP IQ Multiplexeryes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possibleyesSAP/Sybase Replication Serveryes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesnonoHadoop integrationno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonono infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datano infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsno infoSince BigQuery is designed for querying dataACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users can be defined per objectAccess privileges (owner, writer, reader) on dataset, table or view level infoGoogle Cloud Identity & Access Management (IAM)yesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardUsers with fine-grained authorization concept, user roles and pluggable authentication
More information provided by the system vendor
CassandraGoogle BigQueryMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseSAP IQ infoformer name: Sybase IQSnowflake
Specific characteristicsApache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
» more
Competitive advantagesNo single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
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Typical application scenariosInternet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
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Key customersApple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
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Market metricsCassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
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Licensing and pricing modelsApache license  Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
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