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DBMS > Cassandra vs. Firebird vs. OpenSearch vs. TypeDB

System Properties Comparison Cassandra vs. Firebird vs. OpenSearch vs. TypeDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCassandra  Xexclude from comparisonFirebird  Xexclude from comparisonOpenSearch  Xexclude from comparisonTypeDB infoformerly named Grakn  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionWide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessFirebird is an open source RDBMS forked from Borland's InterBaseA distributed, RESTful search and analytics engine forked from Elasticsearch and based on Apache LuceneTypeDB is a strongly-typed database with a rich and logical type system and TypeQL as its query language
Primary database modelWide column storeRelational DBMSSearch engineGraph DBMS
Relational DBMS infoOften described as a 'hyper-relational' database, since it implements the 'Entity-Relationship Paradigm' to manage complex data structures and ontologies.
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS infostarting with release V5Vector DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score98.83
Rank#12  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score20.50
Rank#30  Overall
#18  Relational DBMS
Score16.03
Rank#37  Overall
#4  Search engines
Score0.70
Rank#230  Overall
#20  Graph DBMS
#106  Relational DBMS
Websitecassandra.apache.orgwww.firebirdsql.orggithub.com/­opensearch-project
opensearch.org
typedb.com
Technical documentationcassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latestwww.firebirdsql.org/­en/­reference-manualsopensearch.org/­docs/­latesttypedb.com/­docs
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookFirebird FoundationAmazon Web ServicesVaticle
Initial release20082000 infoAs fork of Borland's InterBase20212016
Current release4.1.3, July 20235.0.0, January 20242.5.0, January 20232.26.3, January 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoInitial Developer's Public LicenseOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoGPL Version 3, commercial licenses available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.
  • Aiven for OpenSearch: Fully managed open source search and analytics suite. Out-of-the-box integrations get you up and running in a couple of clicks.
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Implementation languageJavaC and C++JavaJava
Server operating systemsBSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
AIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
server-less infoFirebird Embedded Server
Solaris
Unix
Windows
All OS with a Java VMLinux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesschema-free infoFlexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistentyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nono
Secondary indexesrestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionyesyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexedyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)yesSQL-like query languageno
APIs and other access methodsProprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
ADO.NET
C/C++ API
JDBC infoJaybird
ODBC
OLE DB
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
gRPC protocol
TypeDB Console (shell)
TypeDB Studio (Visualisation software- previously TypeDB Workbase)
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C
C#
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby infoElasticsearch client
All JVM based languages
Groovy
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoPSQLyesno
Triggersyesyesyes infoby using the 'percolation' featureno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infono "single point of failure"noneShardingSharding infoby using Cassandra
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possibleSource-replica replicationyesMulti-source replication infoby using Cassandra
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesnoyes infoby using Apache Kafka and Apache Zookeeper
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Eventual Consistency infoSynchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, allImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnono infosubstituted by the relationship feature
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datano infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infoFeatures a multi-generational MVCC architecture, readers do not block writersyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users can be defined per objectUsers with fine-grained authorization conceptyes infoat REST API level; other APIs in progress
More information provided by the system vendor
CassandraFirebirdOpenSearchTypeDB infoformerly named Grakn
Specific characteristicsApache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
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OpenSearch is a highly scalable and extensible open-source software suite for search,...
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TypeDB is a polymorphic database with a conceptual data model, a strong subtyping...
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Competitive advantagesNo single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
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Distributed as fully open source under Apache License, Version 2.0 (ALv2), OpenSearch...
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TypeDB provides a new level of expressivity, extensibility, interoperability, and...
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Typical application scenariosInternet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
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The OpenSearch platform is used across a broad range of search , analytics, and observability...
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Life sciences : TypeDB makes working with biological data much easier and accelerates...
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Key customersApple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
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Market metricsCassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
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Licensing and pricing modelsApache license  Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
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The OpenSearch Project offers open source software licensed under Apache License...
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Apache f or language drivers, and AGPL and Commercial for the database server. The...
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