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DBMS > Cassandra vs. Dgraph vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. Kdb vs. ScyllaDB

System Properties Comparison Cassandra vs. Dgraph vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. Kdb vs. ScyllaDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCassandra  Xexclude from comparisonDgraph  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Bigtable  Xexclude from comparisonKdb  Xexclude from comparisonScyllaDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionWide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessDistributed and scalable native Graph DBMSGoogle's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.High performance Time Series DBMSCassandra and DynamoDB compatible wide column store
Primary database modelWide column storeGraph DBMSKey-value store
Wide column store
Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS
Wide column store
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS infostarting with release V5Relational DBMSKey-value store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score98.83
Rank#12  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score1.53
Rank#152  Overall
#15  Graph DBMS
Score3.15
Rank#95  Overall
#14  Key-value stores
#8  Wide column stores
Score7.71
Rank#49  Overall
#2  Time Series DBMS
#1  Vector DBMS
Score4.08
Rank#76  Overall
#5  Wide column stores
Websitecassandra.apache.orgdgraph.iocloud.google.com/­bigtablekx.comwww.scylladb.com
Technical documentationcassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latestdgraph.io/­docscloud.google.com/­bigtable/­docscode.kx.comdocs.scylladb.com
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookDgraph Labs, Inc.GoogleKx Systems, a division of First Derivatives plcScyllaDB
Initial release2008201620152000 infokdb was released 2000, kdb+ in 20032015
Current release4.1.3, July 20233.6, May 2018ScyllaDB Open Source 5.4.1, January 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoApache 2.0commercialcommercial infofree 32-bit versionOpen Source infoOpen Source (AGPL), commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.Scylla Cloud: Create real-time applications that run at global scale with Scylla Cloud, the industry’s most powerful NoSQL DBaaS
Implementation languageJavaGoqC++
Server operating systemsBSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
hostedLinux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Linux
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeschema-freeyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnoyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyesno
Secondary indexesrestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionyesnoyes infotable attribute 'grouped'yes infocluster global secondary indices
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)nonoSQL-like query language (q)SQL-like DML and DDL statements (CQL)
APIs and other access methodsProprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)
HTTP API
JDBC
Jupyter
Kafka
ODBC
WebSocket
Proprietary protocol (CQL) infocompatible with CQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
RESTful HTTP API (DynamoDB compatible)
Thrift
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C
C#
C++
Go
J
Java
JavaScript
Lua
MatLab
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Scala
For CQL interface: C#, C++, Clojure, Erlang, Go, Haskell, Java, JavaScript, Node.js, Perl, PHP, Python, Ruby, Rust, Scala
For DynamoDB interface: .Net, ColdFusion, Erlang, Groovy, Java, JavaScript, Perl, PHP, Python, Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnononouser defined functionsyes, Lua
Triggersyesnonoyes infowith viewsno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infono "single point of failure"yesShardinghorizontal partitioningSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possibleSynchronous replication via RaftInternal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zonesSource-replica replicationselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possible
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesnoyesno infosimilar paradigm used for internal processingno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)Immediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Tunable Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datano infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsACIDAtomic single-row operationsnono infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operations
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesyes infoin-memory tables
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users can be defined per objectno infoPlanned for future releasesAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)rights management via user accountsAccess rights for users can be defined per object
More information provided by the system vendor
CassandraDgraphGoogle Cloud BigtableKdbScyllaDB
Specific characteristicsApache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
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Integrated columnar database & programming system for streaming, real time and historical...
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ScyllaDB is engineered to deliver predictable performance at scale. It’s adopted...
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Competitive advantagesNo single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
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provides seamless scalability; runs on industry standard server platforms; is top-ranked...
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Highly-performant (efficiently utilizes full resources of a node and network; millions...
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Typical application scenariosInternet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
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tick database streaming sensor data massive intelligence applications oil and gas...
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ScyllaDB is ideal for applications that require high throughput and low latency at...
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Key customersApple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
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Goldman Sachs Morgan Stanley Merrill Lynch J.P. Morgan Deutsche Bank IEX Securities...
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Discord, Epic Games, Expedia, Zillow, Comcast, Disney+ Hotstar, Samsung, ShareChat,...
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Market metricsCassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
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kdb+ performance and reliability proven by our customers in critical infrastructure...
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ScyllaDB typically offers ~75% total cost of ownership savings, with ~5X higher throughput...
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Licensing and pricing modelsApache license  Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
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upon request
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ScyllaDB Open Source - free open source software (AGPL) ScyllaDB Enterprise - subscription-based...
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