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DBMS > Cassandra vs. Derby vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. SAP Advantage Database Server vs. TDengine

System Properties Comparison Cassandra vs. Derby vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. SAP Advantage Database Server vs. TDengine

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCassandra  Xexclude from comparisonDerby infooften called Apache Derby, originally IBM Cloudscape; contained in the Java SDK as JavaDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonSAP Advantage Database Server infoformer name: Sybase ADS  Xexclude from comparisonTDengine  Xexclude from comparison
SAP Advantage Database Server seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionWide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.Fully managed big data interactive analytics platformLow-cost RDBMS with access to ISAM and FoxPro data structuresTime Series DBMS and big data platform
Primary database modelWide column storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedRelational DBMSTime Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS infostarting with release V5Document store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score98.83
Rank#12  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score4.60
Rank#70  Overall
#38  Relational DBMS
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score2.68
Rank#106  Overall
#9  Time Series DBMS
Websitecassandra.apache.orgdb.apache.org/­derbyazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerwww.sap.com/products/advantage-database-server.htmlgithub.com/­taosdata/­TDengine
tdengine.com
Technical documentationcassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latestdb.apache.org/­derby/­manuals/­index.htmldocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerdocs.tdengine.com
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookApache Software FoundationMicrosoftSybase, SAPTDEngine, previously Taos Data
Initial release20081997201919932019
Current release4.1.3, July 202310.17.1.0, November 2023cloud service with continuous releases3.0, August 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoApache version 2commercialcommercialOpen Source infoAGPL V3, also commercial editions available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.
Implementation languageJavaJavaC
Server operating systemsBSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VMhostedLinux
Windows
Linux
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesyesnono
Secondary indexesrestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionyesall fields are automatically indexedyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)yesKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetyesStandard SQL with extensions for time-series applications
APIs and other access methodsProprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
JDBCMicrosoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
.NET Client API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
JDBC
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Java.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
Delphi
Perl
PHP
C
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Rust
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoJava Stored ProceduresYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Ryesno
Triggersyesyesyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyesyes, via alarm monitoring
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infono "single point of failure"noneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicenoneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possibleSource-replica replicationyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Multi-source replication infoCONFLICT Trigger to resolve replication conflicts
Source-replica replication
yes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesnoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Immediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datano infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnono infocaching of (temporary) tables can be configured
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users can be defined per objectfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAzure Active Directory Authenticationfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyes
More information provided by the system vendor
CassandraDerby infooften called Apache Derby, originally IBM Cloudscape; contained in the Java SDK as JavaDBMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerSAP Advantage Database Server infoformer name: Sybase ADSTDengine
Specific characteristicsApache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
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TDengine™ is a next generation data historian purpose-built for Industry 4.0 and...
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Competitive advantagesNo single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
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High Performance at any Scale: TDengine is purpose-built for handling massive industrial...
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Typical application scenariosInternet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
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TDengine is designed for Industrial IoT scenarios, including: Manufacturing Connected...
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Key customersApple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
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Market metricsCassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
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TDengine has garnered over 22,500 stars on GitHub and is used in over 50 countries...
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Licensing and pricing modelsApache license  Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
» more
TDengine OSS is an open source, cloud native time series database. It includes built-in...
» more
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