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DBMS > Apache Cassandra vs. Databend vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. PostgreSQL vs. RRDtool

System Properties Comparison Apache Cassandra vs. Databend vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. PostgreSQL vs. RRDtool

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Cassandra  Xexclude from comparisonDatabend  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonRRDtool  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionWide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessAn open-source, elastic, and workload-aware cloud data warehouse designed to meet businesses' massive-scale analytics needs at low cost and with low complexityElastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLIndustry standard data logging and graphing tool for time series data. RRD is an acronym for round-robin database. infoThe data is stored in a circular buffer, thus the system storage footprint remains constant over time.
Primary database modelWide column storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Time Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS infostarting with release V5Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score98.94
Rank#11  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score0.28
Rank#287  Overall
#131  Relational DBMS
Score18.98
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Score644.36
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score1.70
Rank#136  Overall
#11  Time Series DBMS
Websitecassandra.apache.orggithub.com/­datafuselabs/­databend
www.databend.com
azure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticswww.postgresql.orgoss.oetiker.ch/­rrdtool
Technical documentationcassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latestdocs.databend.comdocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticswww.postgresql.org/­docsoss.oetiker.ch/­rrdtool/­doc
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookDatabend LabsMicrosoftPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerTobias Oetiker
Initial release2008202120161989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL1999
Current release5.0-rc1, July 20241.0.59, April 202316.4, August 20241.8.0, 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoApache Version 2.0commercialOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoGPL V2 and FLOSS
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.PostgreSQL Flex @ STACKIT offers managed PostgreSQL Instances with adjustable CPU, RAM, storage amount and speed and several extensions available, in enterprise grade to perfectly match all application requirements. All 100% GDPR-compliant.
Implementation languageJavaRustC++CC infoImplementations in Java (e.g. RRD4J) and C# available
Server operating systemsBSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
hosted
Linux
macOS
hostedFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
HP-UX
Linux
Data schemeschema-freeyesyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesNumeric data only
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no infoExporting into and restoring from XML files possible
Secondary indexesrestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionnoyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)yesyesyes infostandard with numerous extensionsno
APIs and other access methodsProprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
CLI Client
JDBC
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
in-process shared library
Pipes
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Rust
C#
Java
PHP
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C infowith librrd library
C# infowith a different implementation of RRDTool
Java infowith a different implementation of RRDTool
JavaScript (Node.js) infowith a different implementation of RRDTool
Lua
Perl
PHP infowith a wrapper library
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonoTransact SQLuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.no
Triggersyesnonoyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infono "single point of failure"noneSharding, horizontal partitioningpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possiblenoneyesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistencynone
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonono infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datano infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsyesACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes infoby using the rrdcached daemon
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users can be defined per objectUsers with fine-grained authorization concept, user rolesyesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardno
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache CassandraDatabendMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehousePostgreSQLRRDtool
Specific characteristicsApache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
» more
Competitive advantagesNo single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
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Typical application scenariosInternet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
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Key customersApple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
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Market metricsApache Cassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsApache license  Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
» more
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