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DBMS > Cassandra vs. CockroachDB vs. Dgraph vs. Hive vs. VelocityDB

System Properties Comparison Cassandra vs. CockroachDB vs. Dgraph vs. Hive vs. VelocityDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCassandra  Xexclude from comparisonCockroachDB  Xexclude from comparisonDgraph  Xexclude from comparisonHive  Xexclude from comparisonVelocityDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionWide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessCockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.Distributed and scalable native Graph DBMSdata warehouse software for querying and managing large distributed datasets, built on HadoopA .NET Object Database that can be embedded/distributed and extended to a graph data model (VelocityGraph)
Primary database modelWide column storeRelational DBMSGraph DBMSRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
Object oriented DBMS
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS infostarting with release V5
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score101.89
Rank#12  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score6.15
Rank#55  Overall
#33  Relational DBMS
Score1.45
Rank#156  Overall
#15  Graph DBMS
Score61.17
Rank#18  Overall
#12  Relational DBMS
Score0.05
Rank#358  Overall
#36  Graph DBMS
#16  Object oriented DBMS
Websitecassandra.apache.orgwww.cockroachlabs.comdgraph.iohive.apache.orgvelocitydb.com
Technical documentationcassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latestwww.cockroachlabs.com/­docsdgraph.io/­docscwiki.apache.org/­confluence/­display/­Hive/­Homevelocitydb.com/­UserGuide
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookCockroach LabsDgraph Labs, Inc.Apache Software Foundation infoinitially developed by FacebookVelocityDB Inc
Initial release20082015201620122011
Current release4.1.3, July 202323.1.1, May 20233.1.3, April 20227.x
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoApache 2.0, commercial license availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache Version 2commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.
Implementation languageJavaGoGoJavaC#
Server operating systemsBSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VMAny that supports .NET
Data schemeschema-freedynamic schemaschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesrestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)yes, wire compatible with PostgreSQLnoSQL-like DML and DDL statementsno
APIs and other access methodsProprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
JDBCGraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
Thrift
.Net
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C++
Java
PHP
Python
.Net
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnononoyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceno
TriggersyesnononoCallbacks are triggered when data changes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infono "single point of failure"horizontal partitioning (by key range) infoall tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFTyesShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possibleMulti-source replication using RAFTSynchronous replication via Raftselectable replication factor
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesnonoyes infoquery execution via MapReduceno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnonono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datano infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsACIDACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users can be defined per objectRole-based access controlno infoPlanned for future releasesAccess rights for users, groups and rolesBased on Windows Authentication
More information provided by the system vendor
CassandraCockroachDBDgraphHiveVelocityDB
Specific characteristicsApache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
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Competitive advantagesNo single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
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Typical application scenariosInternet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
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Key customersApple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
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Market metricsCassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
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Licensing and pricing modelsApache license  Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
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