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DBMS > Cassandra vs. Citus vs. Google Cloud Firestore vs. Stardog

System Properties Comparison Cassandra vs. Citus vs. Google Cloud Firestore vs. Stardog

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCassandra  Xexclude from comparisonCitus  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Firestore  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionWide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLCloud Firestore is an auto-scaling document database for storing, syncing, and querying data for mobile and web apps. It offers seamless integration with other Firebase and Google Cloud Platform products.Enterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualization
Primary database modelWide column storeRelational DBMSDocument storeGraph DBMS
RDF store
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS infostarting with release V5Document store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score101.89
Rank#12  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score2.21
Rank#118  Overall
#56  Relational DBMS
Score7.85
Rank#51  Overall
#8  Document stores
Score2.02
Rank#123  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Websitecassandra.apache.orgwww.citusdata.comfirebase.google.com/­products/­firestorewww.stardog.com
Technical documentationcassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latestdocs.citusdata.comfirebase.google.com/­docs/­firestoredocs.stardog.com
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookGoogleStardog-Union
Initial release2008201020172010
Current release4.1.3, July 20238.1, December 20187.3.0, May 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availablecommercialcommercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/students
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.
Implementation languageJavaCJava
Server operating systemsBSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
LinuxhostedLinux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesschema-freeschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalitynono infoImport/export of XML data possible
Secondary indexesrestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionyesyesyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatial
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)yes infostandard, with numerous extensionsnoYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Server
APIs and other access methodsProprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Android
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Go
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
Python
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnouser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.yes, Firebase Rules & Cloud Functionsuser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Java
Triggersyesyesyes, with Cloud Functionsyes infovia event handlers
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infono "single point of failure"ShardingShardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possibleSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsMulti-source replicationMulti-source replication in HA-Cluster
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesnoUsing Cloud Dataflowno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency in HA-Cluster
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnoyes inforelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datano infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsACIDyesACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users can be defined per objectfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management. Security Rules for 3rd party authentication using Firebase Auth.Access rights for users and roles
More information provided by the system vendor
CassandraCitusGoogle Cloud FirestoreStardog
Specific characteristicsApache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
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Competitive advantagesNo single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
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Typical application scenariosInternet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
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Key customersApple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
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Market metricsCassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
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Licensing and pricing modelsApache license  Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
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