DBMS > BoltDB vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. RocksDB vs. SingleStore vs. Weaviate

System Properties Comparison BoltDB vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. RocksDB vs. SingleStore vs. Weaviate

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Widely used in-process key-value store

Embeddable persistent key-value store optimized for fast storage (flash and RAM)

MySQL wire-compliant distributed RDBMS that combines an in-memory row-oriented and a disc-based column-oriented storage with patented universal storage to handle transactional and analytical workloads in one single table type

An AI-native realtime vector database engine that integrates scalable machine learning models.

Primary database model

Key-value store

supports sorted and unsorted key sets
Native XML DBMS

in the Oracle Berkeley DB XML version

Key-value store

Relational DBMS

Vector DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	0.80
Rank	#215	Overall
	#31	Key-value stores

Score	2.01
Rank	#126	Overall
	#21	Key-value stores
	#3	Native XML DBMS

Score	3.41
Rank	#86	Overall
	#11	Key-value stores

Score	5.38
Rank	#62	Overall
	#35	Relational DBMS

Score	1.52
Rank	#153	Overall
	#5	Vector DBMS

Website

github.com/boltdb/bolt

www.oracle.com/database/technologies/related/berkeleydb.html

rocksdb.org

www.singlestore.com

github.com/weaviate/weaviate
weaviate.io

Technical documentation

docs.oracle.com/cd/E17076_05/html/index.html

github.com/facebook/rocksdb/wiki

docs.singlestore.com

weaviate.io/developers/weaviate

Developer

Oracle

originally developed by Sleepycat, which was acquired by Oracle

Facebook, Inc.

SingleStore Inc.

Weaviate B.V.

Initial release

2013

1994

2013

2019

Current release

18.1.40, May 2020

9.2.1, May 2024

8.5, January 2024

1.19, May 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

MIT License

Open Source

commercial license available

Open Source

BSD

commercial

free developer edition available

Open Source

commercial license available with Weaviate Enterprise

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

SingleStoreDB Cloud: The world's fastest, modern cloud database for both operational (OLTP) and analytical (OLAP) workloads. Available instantly with multi-cloud and hybrid-cloud capabilities

Implementation language

C, Java, C++ (depending on the Berkeley DB edition)

C++

C++, Go

Server operating systems

BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

AIX
Android
FreeBSD
iOS
Linux
OS X
Solaris
VxWorks
Windows

Linux

64 bit version required

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

yes, maps to GraphQL interface

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

string, int, float, geo point, date, cross reference, fuzzy references

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

only with the Berkeley DB XML edition

Secondary indexes

yes

all data objects are indexed in a semantic vector space (the Contextionary), all primitive fields are indexed

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

SQL interfaced based on SQLite is available

yes

but no triggers and foreign keys

GraphQL is used as query language

APIs and other access methods

C++ API
Java API

Cluster Management API

as HTTP Rest and CLI
HTTP API
JDBC
MongoDB API
ODBC

GraphQL query language
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Supported programming languages

.Net

Figaro is a .Net framework assembly that extends Berkeley DB XML into an embeddable database engine for .NET
others

Third-party libraries to manipulate Berkeley DB files are available for many languages
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)

3rd party binding
Perl
Python
Tcl

C
C++
Go
Java
Perl
Python
Ruby

Bash
C
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

JavaScript / TypeScript
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Triggers

yes

only for the SQL API

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

horizontal partitioning

Sharding

hash partitioning

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

none

Source-replica replication

yes

Source-replica replication

stores two copies of each physical data partition on two separate nodes

yes

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

can define user-defined aggregate functions for map-reduce-style calculations

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

none

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

yes

ACID

yes

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

All updates are persistent, including those to disk-based columnstores and memory-based row stores. Transaction commits are supported via write-ahead log.

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Fine grained access control via users, groups and roles

API Keys
OpenID Connect Discovery

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

SingleStore offers a fully-managed , distributed, highly-scalable SQL database designed...
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Weaviate is an open source vector database that is robust, scalable, cloud-native,...
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Competitive advantages

SingleStore’s competitive advantages include: Easy and Simplified Architecture with...
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Flexible deployment - Free, open source or fully-managed cloud vector database service...
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Typical application scenarios

Driving Fast Analytics: SingleStore delivers the fastest and most scalable reporting...
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As a database supporting the development of generative AI and semantic search applications...
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Key customers

IEX Cloud : Improves Financial Data Distribution Speed 15x with Singlestore DB Comcast,...
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All companies that have data.
» more

Market metrics

Customers in various industries worldwide including US and International Industry...
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As of mid 2023: Over 2 million open source downloads 3500+ Weaviate Slack community...
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Licensing and pricing models

F ree Tier and Enterprise Edition
» more

Weaviate is open-source, and free to use. Weaviate is also available as a fully managed...
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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.