DBMS > BoltDB vs. LevelDB vs. OpenMLDB vs. Spark SQL vs. SQLite

System Properties Comparison BoltDB vs. LevelDB vs. OpenMLDB vs. Spark SQL vs. SQLite

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

An embedded key-value store for Go.

Embeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string values

An open-source machine learning database that provides a feature platform for training and inference

Spark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processing

Widely used embeddable, in-process RDBMS

Primary database model

Key-value store

Time Series DBMS

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	0.80
Rank	#215	Overall
	#31	Key-value stores

Score	2.25
Rank	#115	Overall
	#19	Key-value stores

Score	0.10
Rank	#359	Overall
	#36	Time Series DBMS

Score	18.04
Rank	#33	Overall
	#20	Relational DBMS

Score	111.41
Rank	#10	Overall
	#7	Relational DBMS

Website

github.com/boltdb/bolt

github.com/google/leveldb

openmldb.ai

spark.apache.org/sql

www.sqlite.org

Technical documentation

github.com/google/leveldb/blob/main/doc/index.md

openmldb.ai/docs/zh/main

spark.apache.org/docs/latest/sql-programming-guide.html

www.sqlite.org/docs.html

Developer

Google

4 Paradigm Inc.

Apache Software Foundation

Dwayne Richard Hipp

Initial release

2013

2011

2020

2014

2000

Current release

1.23, February 2021

2024-2 February 2024

3.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023

3.46.0 (23 May 2024), May 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

MIT License

Open Source

BSD

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

Public Domain

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

C++

C++, Java, Scala

Scala

Server operating systems

BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux

Linux
OS X
Windows

server-less

Data scheme

schema-free

Fixed schema

yes

dynamic column types

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

not rigid because of 'dynamic typing' concept.

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

yes

SQL-92 is not fully supported

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
SQLAlchemy

JDBC
ODBC

ADO.NET

inofficial driver
JDBC

inofficial driver
ODBC

inofficial driver

Supported programming languages

C++
Go
Java

3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js)

3rd party binding
Python

3rd party binding

C++
Go
Java
Python
Scala

Java
Python
R
Scala

Actionscript
Ada
Basic
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Forth
Fortran
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Tcl

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

horizontal partitioning

yes, utilizing Spark Core

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

none

Source-replica replication

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

none

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

yes

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

via file-system locks

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

with automatic compression on writes

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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