DBMS > atoti vs. BoltDB vs. Immudb vs. Microsoft SQL Server

System Properties Comparison atoti vs. BoltDB vs. Immudb vs. Microsoft SQL Server

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

An in-memory DBMS combining transactional and analytical processing to handle the aggregation of ever-changing data.

An open source immutable (append-only) database with cryptographic verification which makes it tamper-resistant and fully auditable.

Microsofts flagship relational DBMS

Primary database model

Object oriented DBMS

Key-value store

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Relational DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	0.56
Rank	#245	Overall
	#10	Object oriented DBMS

Score	0.74
Rank	#220	Overall
	#31	Key-value stores

Score	0.24
Rank	#305	Overall
	#43	Key-value stores

Score	824.29
Rank	#3	Overall
	#3	Relational DBMS

Website

atoti.io

github.com/boltdb/bolt

github.com/codenotary/immudb
immudb.io

www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server

Technical documentation

docs.atoti.io

docs.immudb.io

learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server

Developer

ActiveViam

Codenotary

Microsoft

Initial release

2013

2020

1989

Current release

1.2.3, April 2022

SQL Server 2022, November 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

free versions available

Open Source

MIT License

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

commercial

restricted free version is available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

C++

Server operating systems

BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

BSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
z/OS

Linux
Windows

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

Multidimensional Expressions (MDX)

SQL-like syntax

yes

APIs and other access methods

gRPC protocol
PostgreSQL wire protocol

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

Supported programming languages

.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

Python

Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding, horizontal partitioning

none

Sharding

tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

none

yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

none

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

yes

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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