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DBMS > BoltDB vs. GraphDB vs. LevelDB vs. PostgreSQL vs. RocksDB

System Properties Comparison BoltDB vs. GraphDB vs. LevelDB vs. PostgreSQL vs. RocksDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameBoltDB  Xexclude from comparisonGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIM  Xexclude from comparisonLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonRocksDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAn embedded key-value store for Go.Enterprise-ready RDF and graph database with efficient reasoning, cluster and external index synchronization support. It supports also SQL JDBC access to Knowledge Graph and GraphQL over SPARQL.Embeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLEmbeddable persistent key-value store optimized for fast storage (flash and RAM)
Primary database modelKey-value storeGraph DBMS
RDF store
Key-value storeRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Key-value store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.80
Rank#215  Overall
#31  Key-value stores
Score3.25
Rank#91  Overall
#7  Graph DBMS
#4  RDF stores
Score2.25
Rank#115  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Score636.25
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score3.41
Rank#86  Overall
#11  Key-value stores
Websitegithub.com/­boltdb/­boltwww.ontotext.comgithub.com/­google/­leveldbwww.postgresql.orgrocksdb.org
Technical documentationgraphdb.ontotext.com/­documentationgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.mdwww.postgresql.org/­docsgithub.com/­facebook/­rocksdb/­wiki
Social network pagesLinkedInTwitterYouTubeGitHubMedium
DeveloperOntotextGooglePostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerFacebook, Inc.
Initial release2013200020111989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL2013
Current release10.4, October 20231.23, February 202116.3, May 20249.2.1, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoMIT Licensecommercial infoSome plugins of GraphDB Workbench are open sourcedOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoBSD
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageGoJavaC++CC++
Server operating systemsBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
All OS with a Java VM
Linux
OS X
Windows
Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
Data schemeschema-freeschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support; RDF shapesschema-freeyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenoyesnoyesno
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no
Secondary indexesnoyes, supports real-time synchronization and indexing in SOLR/Elastic search/Lucene and GeoSPARQL geometry data indexesnoyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLnostored SPARQL accessed as SQL using Apache Calcite through JDBC/ODBCnoyes infostandard with numerous extensionsno
APIs and other access methodsGeoSPARQL
GraphQL
GraphQL Federation
Java API
JDBC
RDF4J API
RDFS
RIO
Sail API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL 1.1
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
C++ API
Java API
Supported programming languagesGo.Net
C#
Clojure
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C
C++
Go
Java
Perl
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnowell-defined plugin interfaces; JavaScript server-side extensibilitynouser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.no
Triggersnononoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenonenonepartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashhorizontal partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneMulti-source replicationnoneSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemnoneImmediate Consistency, Eventual consistency (configurable in cluster mode per master or individual client request)Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes infoConstraint checkingnoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datayesACIDnoACIDyes
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infowith automatic compression on writesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlnoDefault Basic authentication through RDF4J client, or via Java when run with cURL, default token-based in the Workbench or via Rest API, optional access through OpenID or Kerberos single sign-on.nofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardno
More information provided by the system vendor
BoltDBGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIMLevelDBPostgreSQLRocksDB
Specific characteristicsOntotext GraphDB is a semantic database engine that allows organizations to build...
» more
Competitive advantagesGraphDB allows you to link text and data in big knowledge graphs. It’s easy to experiment...
» more
Typical application scenariosMetadata enrichment and management, linked data publishing, semantic inferencing...
» more
Key customers​ GraphDB provides a platform for building next-generation AI and Knowledge Graph...
» more
Market metricsGraphDB is the most utilized semantic triplestore for mission-critical enterprise...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGraphDB Free is a non-commercial version and is free to use. GraphDB Enterprise edition...
» more
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