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DBMS > BoltDB vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. HEAVY.AI vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Titan

System Properties Comparison BoltDB vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. HEAVY.AI vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Titan

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameBoltDB  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Bigtable  Xexclude from comparisonHEAVY.AI infoFormerly named 'OmniSci', rebranded to 'HEAVY.AI' in March 2022  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonTitan  Xexclude from comparison
Titan has been decommisioned after the takeover by Datastax. It will be removed from the DB-Engines ranking. A fork has been open-sourced as JanusGraph.
DescriptionAn embedded key-value store for Go.Google's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.A high performance, column-oriented RDBMS, specifically developed to harness the massive parallelism of modern CPU and GPU hardwareFully managed big data interactive analytics platformTitan is a Graph DBMS optimized for distributed clusters.
Primary database modelKey-value storeKey-value store
Wide column store
Relational DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedGraph DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.80
Rank#215  Overall
#31  Key-value stores
Score3.15
Rank#95  Overall
#14  Key-value stores
#8  Wide column stores
Score1.64
Rank#145  Overall
#67  Relational DBMS
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Websitegithub.com/­boltdb/­boltcloud.google.com/­bigtablegithub.com/­heavyai/­heavydb
www.heavy.ai
azure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorergithub.com/­thinkaurelius/­titan
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­bigtable/­docsdocs.heavy.aidocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorergithub.com/­thinkaurelius/­titan/­wiki
DeveloperGoogleHEAVY.AI, Inc.MicrosoftAurelius, owned by DataStax
Initial release20132015201620192012
Current release5.10, January 2022cloud service with continuous releases
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoMIT LicensecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2; enterprise edition availablecommercialOpen Source infoApache license, version 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageGoC++ and CUDAJava
Server operating systemsBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
hostedLinuxhostedLinux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenonoyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes
Secondary indexesnononoall fields are automatically indexedyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnonoyesKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetno
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)
JDBC
ODBC
Thrift
Vega
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
Java API
TinkerPop Blueprints
TinkerPop Frames
TinkerPop Gremlin
TinkerPop Rexster
Supported programming languagesGoC#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC/Thrift
Python
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
Clojure
Java
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnononoYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Ryes
Triggersnononoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingSharding infoRound robinSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceyes infovia pluggable storage backends
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneInternal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zonesMulti-source replicationyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.yes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesnoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkyes infovia Faunus, a graph analytics engine
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemnoneImmediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)Immediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonononoyes infoRelationships in graph
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datayesAtomic single-row operationsnonoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes infoSupports various storage backends: Cassandra, HBase, Berkeley DB, Akiban, Hazelcast
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlnoAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAzure Active Directory AuthenticationUser authentification and security via Rexster Graph Server

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More resources
BoltDBGoogle Cloud BigtableHEAVY.AI infoFormerly named 'OmniSci', rebranded to 'HEAVY.AI' in March 2022Microsoft Azure Data ExplorerTitan
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