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DBMS > BoltDB vs. FoundationDB vs. LevelDB vs. OpenMLDB vs. SQLite

System Properties Comparison BoltDB vs. FoundationDB vs. LevelDB vs. OpenMLDB vs. SQLite

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameBoltDB  Xexclude from comparisonFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonOpenMLDB  Xexclude from comparisonSQLite  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionAn embedded key-value store for Go.Ordered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.Embeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesAn open-source machine learning database that provides a feature platform for training and inferenceWidely used embeddable, in-process RDBMS
Primary database modelKey-value storeDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Key-value storeTime Series DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.80
Rank#215  Overall
#31  Key-value stores
Score1.06
Rank#185  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#85  Relational DBMS
Score2.25
Rank#115  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Score0.10
Rank#359  Overall
#36  Time Series DBMS
Score111.41
Rank#10  Overall
#7  Relational DBMS
Websitegithub.com/­boltdb/­boltgithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbgithub.com/­google/­leveldbopenmldb.aiwww.sqlite.org
Technical documentationapple.github.io/­foundationdbgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.mdopenmldb.ai/­docs/­zh/­mainwww.sqlite.org/­docs.html
DeveloperFoundationDBGoogle4 Paradigm Inc.Dwayne Richard Hipp
Initial release20132013201120202000
Current release6.2.28, November 20201.23, February 20212024-2 February 20243.46.0  (23 May 2024), May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoMIT LicenseOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoBSDOpen SourceOpen Source infoPublic Domain
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageGoC++C++C++, Java, ScalaC
Server operating systemsBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linuxserver-less
Data schemeschema-freeschema-free infosome layers support schemasschema-freeFixed schemayes infodynamic column types
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenono infosome layers support typingnoyesyes infonot rigid because of 'dynamic typing' concept.
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesnononoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnosupported in specific SQL layer onlynoyesyes infoSQL-92 is not fully supported
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
SQLAlchemy
ADO.NET infoinofficial driver
JDBC infoinofficial driver
ODBC infoinofficial driver
Supported programming languagesGo.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
C++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
C++
Go
Java
Python
Scala
Actionscript
Ada
Basic
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Forth
Fortran
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoin SQL-layer onlynonono
Triggersnonononoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingnonehorizontal partitioningnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneyesnoneSource-replica replicationnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemnoneLinearizable consistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoin SQL-layer onlynonoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datayesACIDnonoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes infovia file-system locks
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infowith automatic compression on writesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlnononofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardno

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More resources
BoltDBFoundationDBLevelDBOpenMLDBSQLite
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