DBMS > BoltDB vs. Dgraph vs. IBM Db2 vs. Spark SQL vs. SQLite

System Properties Comparison BoltDB vs. Dgraph vs. IBM Db2 vs. Spark SQL vs. SQLite

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

An embedded key-value store for Go.

Distributed and scalable native Graph DBMS

Common in IBM host environments, 2 different versions for host and Windows/Linux

Spark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processing

Widely used embeddable, in-process RDBMS

Primary database model

Key-value store

Graph DBMS

Relational DBMS

Since Version 10.5 support for JSON/BSON documents compatible with MongoDB

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store
RDF store

in Db2 LUW (Linux, Unix, Windows)
Spatial DBMS

with Db2 Spatial Extender

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	0.74
Rank	#220	Overall
	#31	Key-value stores

Score	1.45
Rank	#156	Overall
	#15	Graph DBMS

Score	128.46
Rank	#8	Overall
	#5	Relational DBMS

Score	18.96
Rank	#33	Overall
	#20	Relational DBMS

Score	114.32
Rank	#10	Overall
	#7	Relational DBMS

Website

github.com/boltdb/bolt

dgraph.io

www.ibm.com/products/db2

spark.apache.org/sql

www.sqlite.org

Technical documentation

dgraph.io/docs

www.ibm.com/docs/en/db2

spark.apache.org/docs/latest/sql-programming-guide.html

www.sqlite.org/docs.html

Developer

Dgraph Labs, Inc.

IBM

Apache Software Foundation

Dwayne Richard Hipp

Initial release

2013

2016

1983

host version

2014

2000

Current release

12.1, October 2016

3.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023

3.46.0 (23 May 2024), May 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

MIT License

Open Source

Apache 2.0

commercial

free version is available

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

Public Domain

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C and C++

Scala

Server operating systems

BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

Linux
OS X
Windows

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
z/OS

Linux
OS X
Windows

server-less

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

dynamic column types

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

not rigid because of 'dynamic typing' concept.

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

yes

SQL-92 is not fully supported

APIs and other access methods

GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API

ADO.NET
JDBC
JSON style queries

MongoDB compatible
ODBC
XQuery

JDBC
ODBC

ADO.NET

inofficial driver
JDBC

inofficial driver
ODBC

inofficial driver

Supported programming languages

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

C
C#
C++
Cobol
Delphi
Fortran
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic

Java
Python
R
Scala

Actionscript
Ada
Basic
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Forth
Fortran
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Tcl

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

yes

Sharding

only with Windows/Unix/Linux Version

yes, utilizing Spark Core

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

none

Synchronous replication via Raft

yes

with separate tools (MQ, InfoSphere)

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

none

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

yes

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

via file-system locks

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Planned for future releases

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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