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DBMS > BoltDB vs. CrateDB vs. Firebird vs. RDF4J vs. Titan

System Properties Comparison BoltDB vs. CrateDB vs. Firebird vs. RDF4J vs. Titan

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameBoltDB  Xexclude from comparisonCrateDB  Xexclude from comparisonFirebird  Xexclude from comparisonRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame  Xexclude from comparisonTitan  Xexclude from comparison
Titan has been decommisioned after the takeover by Datastax. It will be removed from the DB-Engines ranking. A fork has been open-sourced as JanusGraph.
DescriptionAn embedded key-value store for Go.Distributed Database based on LuceneFirebird is an open source RDBMS forked from Borland's InterBaseRDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.Titan is a Graph DBMS optimized for distributed clusters.
Primary database modelKey-value storeDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Search engine
Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS
Relational DBMSRDF storeGraph DBMS
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.74
Rank#220  Overall
#31  Key-value stores
Score0.73
Rank#224  Overall
#37  Document stores
#5  Spatial DBMS
#16  Search engines
#19  Time Series DBMS
#8  Vector DBMS
Score20.82
Rank#30  Overall
#18  Relational DBMS
Score0.69
Rank#230  Overall
#9  RDF stores
Websitegithub.com/­boltdb/­boltcratedb.comwww.firebirdsql.orgrdf4j.orggithub.com/­thinkaurelius/­titan
Technical documentationcratedb.com/­docswww.firebirdsql.org/­en/­reference-manualsrdf4j.org/­documentationgithub.com/­thinkaurelius/­titan/­wiki
DeveloperCrateFirebird FoundationSince 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.Aurelius, owned by DataStax
Initial release201320132000 infoAs fork of Borland's InterBase20042012
Current release5.0.0, January 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoMIT LicenseOpen SourceOpen Source infoInitial Developer's Public LicenseOpen Source infoEclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.Open Source infoApache license, version 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
CrateDB Cloud: a distributed SQL database that spreads data and processing across an elastic cluster of shared nothing nodes. CrateDB Cloud enables data insights at scale on Microsoft Azure, AWS and Google Cloud Platform.
Implementation languageGoJavaC and C++JavaJava
Server operating systemsBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
All Operating Systems, including Kubernetes with CrateDB Kubernetes Operator supportAIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
server-less infoFirebird Embedded Server
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeFlexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free)yesyes infoRDF Schemasyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenoyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nono
Secondary indexesnoyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyes, but no triggers and constraints, and PostgreSQL compatibilityyesnono
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol
Prometheus Remote Read/Write
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
C/C++ API
JDBC infoJaybird
ODBC
OLE DB
Java API
RIO infoRDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL infoSesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL
Java API
TinkerPop Blueprints
TinkerPop Frames
TinkerPop Gremlin
TinkerPop Rexster
Supported programming languagesGo.NET
Erlang
Go infocommunity maintained client
Java
JavaScript (Node.js) infocommunity maintained client
Perl infocommunity maintained client
PHP
Python
R
Ruby infocommunity maintained client
Scala infocommunity maintained client
C
C#
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Java
PHP
Python
Clojure
Java
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnouser defined functions (Javascript)PSQLyesyes
Triggersnonoyesyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingnonenoneyes infovia pluggable storage backends
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneConfigurable replication on table/partition-levelSource-replica replicationnoneyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononoyes infovia Faunus, a graph analytics engine
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemnoneEventual Consistency
Read-after-write consistency on record level
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesyes infoRelationships in graph
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datayesno infounique row identifiers can be used for implementing an optimistic concurrency control strategyACIDACID infoIsolation support depends on the API usedACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes infoFeatures a multi-generational MVCC architecture, readers do not block writersyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infoin-memory storage is supported as wellyes infoSupports various storage backends: Cassandra, HBase, Berkeley DB, Akiban, Hazelcast
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nono
User concepts infoAccess controlnorights management via user accountsUsers with fine-grained authorization conceptnoUser authentification and security via Rexster Graph Server
More information provided by the system vendor
BoltDBCrateDBFirebirdRDF4J infoformerly known as SesameTitan
Specific characteristicsThe enterprise database for time series, documents, and vectors. Distributed - Native...
» more
Competitive advantagesResponse time in milliseconds: e ven for complex ad-hoc queries. Massive scaling...
» more
Typical application scenarios​ IoT: accelerate your IIoT projects with CrateDB, delivering real-time analytics...
» more
Key customersAcross all continents, CrateDB is used by companies of all sizes to meet the most...
» more
Market metricsThe CrateDB open source project was started in 2013 Honorable Mention in 2021 Gartner®...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsSee CrateDB pricing >
» more

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BoltDBCrateDBFirebirdRDF4J infoformerly known as SesameTitan
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