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DBMS > BoltDB vs. CockroachDB vs. LevelDB vs. RDF4J vs. SingleStore

System Properties Comparison BoltDB vs. CockroachDB vs. LevelDB vs. RDF4J vs. SingleStore

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameBoltDB  Xexclude from comparisonCockroachDB  Xexclude from comparisonLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame  Xexclude from comparisonSingleStore infoformer name was MemSQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAn embedded key-value store for Go.CockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.Embeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesRDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.MySQL wire-compliant distributed RDBMS that combines an in-memory row-oriented and a disc-based column-oriented storage with patented universal storage to handle transactional and analytical workloads in one single table type
Primary database modelKey-value storeRelational DBMSKey-value storeRDF storeRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.70
Rank#225  Overall
#31  Key-value stores
Score4.74
Rank#67  Overall
#36  Relational DBMS
Score2.33
Rank#111  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Score0.72
Rank#222  Overall
#9  RDF stores
Score4.02
Rank#74  Overall
#39  Relational DBMS
Websitegithub.com/­boltdb/­boltwww.cockroachlabs.comgithub.com/­google/­leveldbrdf4j.orgwww.singlestore.com
Technical documentationwww.cockroachlabs.com/­docsgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.mdrdf4j.org/­documentationdocs.singlestore.com
DeveloperCockroach LabsGoogleSince 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.SingleStore Inc.
Initial release20132015201120042013
Current release24.1.0, May 20241.23, February 20218.5, January 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoMIT LicenseOpen Source infoApache 2.0, commercial license availableOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoEclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.commercial infofree developer edition available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageGoGoC++JavaC++, Go
Server operating systemsBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Linux info64 bit version required
Data schemeschema-freedynamic schemaschema-freeyes infoRDF Schemasyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenoyesnoyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesnoyesnoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyes, wire compatible with PostgreSQLnonoyes infobut no triggers and foreign keys
APIs and other access methodsJDBCJava API
RIO infoRDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL infoSesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL
Cluster Management API infoas HTTP Rest and CLI
HTTP API
JDBC
MongoDB API
ODBC
Supported programming languagesGoC#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
C++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
Java
PHP
Python
Bash
C
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnononoyesyes
Triggersnononoyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonehorizontal partitioning (by key range) infoall tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFTnonenoneSharding infohash partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneMulti-source replication using RAFTnonenoneSource-replica replication infostores two copies of each physical data partition on two separate nodes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono infocan define user-defined aggregate functions for map-reduce-style calculations
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemnoneImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datayesACIDnoACID infoIsolation support depends on the API usedACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infowith automatic compression on writesyes infoin-memory storage is supported as wellyes infoAll updates are persistent, including those to disk-based columnstores and memory-based row stores. Transaction commits are supported via write-ahead log.
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlnoRole-based access controlnonoFine grained access control via users, groups and roles

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More resources
BoltDBCockroachDBLevelDBRDF4J infoformerly known as SesameSingleStore infoformer name was MemSQL
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