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DBMS > BoltDB vs. Citus vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Heroic vs. Transbase

System Properties Comparison BoltDB vs. Citus vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Heroic vs. Transbase

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameBoltDB  Xexclude from comparisonCitus  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonHeroic  Xexclude from comparisonTransbase  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAn embedded key-value store for Go.Scalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Time Series DBMS built at Spotify based on Cassandra or Google Cloud Bigtable, and ElasticSearchA resource-optimized, high-performance, universally applicable RDBMS
Primary database modelKey-value storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.80
Rank#215  Overall
#31  Key-value stores
Score2.15
Rank#117  Overall
#56  Relational DBMS
Score2.84
Rank#100  Overall
#51  Relational DBMS
Score0.46
Rank#265  Overall
#22  Time Series DBMS
Score0.17
Rank#334  Overall
#148  Relational DBMS
Websitegithub.com/­boltdb/­boltwww.citusdata.comcloud.google.com/­spannergithub.com/­spotify/­heroicwww.transaction.de/­en/­products/­transbase.html
Technical documentationdocs.citusdata.comcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsspotify.github.io/­heroicwww.transaction.de/­en/­products/­transbase/­features.html
DeveloperGoogleSpotifyTransaction Software GmbH
Initial release20132010201720141987
Current release8.1, December 2018Transbase 8.3, 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoMIT LicenseOpen Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availablecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercial infofree development license
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageGoCJavaC and C++
Server operating systemsBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
LinuxhostedFreeBSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesyesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenoyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalitynonono
Secondary indexesnoyesyesyes infovia Elasticsearchyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyes infostandard, with numerous extensionsyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011noyes
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
HQL (Heroic Query Language, a JSON-based language)
HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API
Supported programming languagesGo.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Kotlin
Objective-C
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnouser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.nonoyes
Triggersnoyesnonoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.yesSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemnoneImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integritynoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datayesACIDACID infoStrict serializable isolationnoyes
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonononono
User concepts infoAccess controlnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
BoltDBCitusGoogle Cloud SpannerHeroicTransbase
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