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DBMS > BoltDB vs. Citus vs. Coveo vs. Pinecone vs. PostgreSQL

System Properties Comparison BoltDB vs. Citus vs. Coveo vs. Pinecone vs. PostgreSQL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameBoltDB  Xexclude from comparisonCitus  Xexclude from comparisonCoveo  Xexclude from comparisonPinecone  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAn embedded key-value store for Go.Scalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLAI-powered hosted search, recommendation and personalization platform providing tools for both low-code and full-code developmentA managed, cloud-native vector databaseWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL
Primary database modelKey-value storeRelational DBMSSearch engineVector DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.80
Rank#215  Overall
#31  Key-value stores
Score2.15
Rank#117  Overall
#56  Relational DBMS
Score2.11
Rank#118  Overall
#11  Search engines
Score3.23
Rank#92  Overall
#3  Vector DBMS
Score636.25
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Websitegithub.com/­boltdb/­boltwww.citusdata.comwww.coveo.comwww.pinecone.iowww.postgresql.org
Technical documentationdocs.citusdata.comdocs.coveo.comdocs.pinecone.io/­docs/­overviewwww.postgresql.org/­docs
DeveloperCoveoPinecone Systems, IncPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developer
Initial release20132010201220191989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL
Current release8.1, December 201816.3, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoMIT LicenseOpen Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availablecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoBSD
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageGoCC
Server operating systemsBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
LinuxhostedhostedFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyeshybrid - fields need to be configured prior to indexing, but relationships can be exploited at query time without pre-configurationyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenoyesyesString, Number, Booleanyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalitynonoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.
Secondary indexesnoyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyes infostandard, with numerous extensionsnonoyes infostandard with numerous extensions
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
RESTful HTTP APIRESTful HTTP APIADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languagesGo.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C#
Java
JavaScript
Python
Python.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnouser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.nouser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.
Triggersnoyesyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingyespartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsyesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensions
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemnoneImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datayesACIDyesACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononono
User concepts infoAccess controlnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardgranular access controls, API key management, content filtersfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

More information provided by the system vendor

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BoltDBCitusCoveoPineconePostgreSQL
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