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DBMS > Blazegraph vs. NuoDB vs. RDF4J vs. Virtuoso vs. YugabyteDB

System Properties Comparison Blazegraph vs. NuoDB vs. RDF4J vs. Virtuoso vs. YugabyteDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameBlazegraph  Xexclude from comparisonNuoDB  Xexclude from comparisonRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame  Xexclude from comparisonVirtuoso  Xexclude from comparisonYugabyteDB  Xexclude from comparison
Amazon has acquired Blazegraph's domain and (probably) product. It is said that Amazon Neptune is based on Blazegraph.
DescriptionHigh-performance graph database supporting Semantic Web (RDF/SPARQL) and Graph Database (tinkerpop3, blueprints, vertex-centric) APIs with scale-out and High Availability.NuoDB is a webscale distributed database that supports SQL and ACID transactionsRDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.Virtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphsHigh-performance distributed SQL database for global, internet-scale applications. Wire and feature compatible with PostgreSQL.
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMSRDF storeDocument store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine
Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSDocument store
Wide column store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.75
Rank#219  Overall
#19  Graph DBMS
#8  RDF stores
Score0.89
Rank#198  Overall
#92  Relational DBMS
Score0.69
Rank#230  Overall
#9  RDF stores
Score4.26
Rank#78  Overall
#13  Document stores
#4  Graph DBMS
#2  Native XML DBMS
#42  Relational DBMS
#2  RDF stores
#9  Search engines
Score2.91
Rank#102  Overall
#51  Relational DBMS
Websiteblazegraph.comwww.3ds.com/­nuodb-distributed-sql-databaserdf4j.orgvirtuoso.openlinksw.comwww.yugabyte.com
Technical documentationwiki.blazegraph.comdoc.nuodb.comrdf4j.org/­documentationdocs.openlinksw.com/­virtuosodocs.yugabyte.com
github.com/­yugabyte/­yugabyte-db
DeveloperBlazegraphDassault Systèmes infooriginally NuoDB, Inc.Since 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.OpenLink SoftwareYugabyte Inc.
Initial release20062013200419982017
Current release2.1.5, March 20197.2.11, September 20232.19, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoextended commercial license availablecommercial infolimited edition freeOpen Source infoEclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.Open Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
YugabyteDB Managed is the fully managed database-as-a-service offering of YugabyteDB. Get started quickly, and effortlessly ensure continuous availability and limitless scale of your cloud native applications.
Implementation languageJavaC++JavaCC and C++
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
hosted infoAmazon EC2, Windows Azure, SoftLayer
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows
AIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Linux
OS X
Data schemeschema-freeyesyes infoRDF Schemasyes infoSQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type
depending on used data model
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyes infoRDF literal typesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesno
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSPARQL is used as query languageyesnoyes infoSQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLXyes, PostgreSQL compatible
APIs and other access methodsJava API
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL QUERY
SPARQL UPDATE
TinkerPop 3
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Java API
RIO infoRDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL infoSesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL
ADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT
JDBC
YCQL, an SQL-based flexible-schema API with its roots in Cassandra Query Language
YSQL - a fully relational SQL API that is wire compatible with the SQL language in PostgreSQL
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Java
PHP
Python
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
C
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesJava, SQLyesyes infoVirtuoso PLyes infosql, plpgsql, C
Triggersnoyesyesyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingdata is dynamically stored/cached on the nodes where it is read/writtennoneyesHash and Range Sharding, row-level geo-partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesyes infoManaged transparently by NuoDBnoneChain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
Based on Raft distributed consensus protocol, minimum 3 replicas for continuous availability
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configurationImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyStrong consistency on writes and tunable consistency on reads
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in Graphsyesyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACID infotunable commit protocolACID infoIsolation support depends on the API usedACIDDistributed ACID with Serializable & Snapshot Isolation. Inspired by Google Spanner architecture.
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infoMVCCyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infoin-memory storage is supported as wellyesyes infobased on RocksDB
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yes infoTemporary tableyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlSecurity and Authentication via Web Application Container (Tomcat, Jetty)Standard SQL roles/ privileges, Administrative UsersnoFine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)yes
More information provided by the system vendor
BlazegraphNuoDBRDF4J infoformerly known as SesameVirtuosoYugabyteDB
Specific characteristicsVirtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
» more
YugabyteDB is an open source distributed SQL database for cloud native transactional...
» more
Competitive advantagesPerformance & Scale — as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
» more
PostgreSQL compatible: Get instantly productive with a PostgreSQL compatible RDBMS....
» more
Typical application scenariosUsed for — Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
» more
Systems of record and engagement for cloud native applications that require resilience,...
» more
Key customersBroad use across enterprises and governments including — European Union (EU) US Government...
» more
Market metricsLargest installed-base ​of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
» more
2 Million+ lifetime clusters deployed, 6.5K+ GitHub stars, 7K YugabyteDB Community...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsAvailable in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
» more
Apache 2.0 license for the database
» more

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More resources
BlazegraphNuoDBRDF4J infoformerly known as SesameVirtuosoYugabyteDB
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