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DBMS > Blazegraph vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. Virtuoso

System Properties Comparison Blazegraph vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. Virtuoso

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameBlazegraph  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonOracle Berkeley DB  Xexclude from comparisonVirtuoso  Xexclude from comparison
Amazon has acquired Blazegraph's domain and (probably) product. It is said that Amazon Neptune is based on Blazegraph.
DescriptionHigh-performance graph database supporting Semantic Web (RDF/SPARQL) and Graph Database (tinkerpop3, blueprints, vertex-centric) APIs with scale-out and High Availability.Elastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerWidely used in-process key-value storeVirtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphs
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMSKey-value store infosupports sorted and unsorted key sets
Native XML DBMS infoin the Oracle Berkeley DB XML version
Document store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.77
Rank#222  Overall
#20  Graph DBMS
#8  RDF stores
Score22.71
Rank#30  Overall
#18  Relational DBMS
Score2.52
Rank#114  Overall
#20  Key-value stores
#3  Native XML DBMS
Score4.20
Rank#83  Overall
#14  Document stores
#4  Graph DBMS
#2  Native XML DBMS
#45  Relational DBMS
#2  RDF stores
#9  Search engines
Websiteblazegraph.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticswww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­berkeleydb.htmlvirtuoso.openlinksw.com
Technical documentationwiki.blazegraph.comdocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticsdocs.oracle.com/­cd/­E17076_05/­html/­index.htmldocs.openlinksw.com/­virtuoso
DeveloperBlazegraphMicrosoftOracle infooriginally developed by Sleepycat, which was acquired by OracleOpenLink Software
Initial release2006201619941998
Current release2.1.5, March 201918.1.40, May 20207.2.11, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoextended commercial license availablecommercialOpen Source infocommercial license availableOpen Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaC++C, Java, C++ (depending on the Berkeley DB edition)C
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
hostedAIX
Android
FreeBSD
iOS
Linux
OS X
Solaris
VxWorks
Windows
AIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesschema-freeyes infoSQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyes infoRDF literal typesyesnoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infoonly with the Berkeley DB XML editionyes
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSPARQL is used as query languageyesyes infoSQL interfaced based on SQLite is availableyes infoSQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLX
APIs and other access methodsJava API
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL QUERY
SPARQL UPDATE
TinkerPop 3
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
C#
Java
PHP
.Net infoFigaro is a .Net framework assembly that extends Berkeley DB XML into an embeddable database engine for .NET
others infoThird-party libraries to manipulate Berkeley DB files are available for many languages
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Perl
Python
Tcl
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesTransact SQLnoyes infoVirtuoso PL
Triggersnonoyes infoonly for the SQL APIyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding, horizontal partitioningnoneyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesyesSource-replica replicationChain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configurationImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in Graphsno infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlSecurity and Authentication via Web Application Container (Tomcat, Jetty)yesnoFine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
BlazegraphMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseOracle Berkeley DBVirtuoso
Specific characteristicsVirtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
» more
Competitive advantagesPerformance & Scale โ€” as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
» more
Typical application scenariosUsed for โ€” Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
» more
Key customersBroad use across enterprises and governments including โ€” European Union (EU) US Government...
» more
Market metricsLargest installed-base โ€‹of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsAvailable in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
» more

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More resources
BlazegraphMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseOracle Berkeley DBVirtuoso
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