DBMS > Blazegraph vs. Ingres vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Spark SQL vs. Trafodion

System Properties Comparison Blazegraph vs. Ingres vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. Spark SQL vs. Trafodion

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Amazon has acquired Blazegraph's domain and (probably) product. It is said that Amazon Neptune is based on Blazegraph.

Apache Trafodion has been retired in 2021. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.

Description

High-performance graph database supporting Semantic Web (RDF/SPARQL) and Graph Database (tinkerpop3, blueprints, vertex-centric) APIs with scale-out and High Availability.

Well established RDBMS

Globally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database service

Spark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processing

Transactional SQL-on-Hadoop DBMS

Primary database model

Graph DBMS
RDF store

Relational DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	0.81
Rank	#213	Overall
	#19	Graph DBMS
	#8	RDF stores

Score	3.80
Rank	#82	Overall
	#44	Relational DBMS

Score	27.71
Rank	#27	Overall
	#4	Document stores
	#2	Graph DBMS
	#3	Key-value stores
	#3	Wide column stores

Score	18.04
Rank	#33	Overall
	#20	Relational DBMS

Website

blazegraph.com

www.actian.com/databases/ingres

azure.microsoft.com/services/cosmos-db

spark.apache.org/sql

trafodion.apache.org

Technical documentation

wiki.blazegraph.com

docs.actian.com/ingres

learn.microsoft.com/azure/cosmos-db

spark.apache.org/docs/latest/sql-programming-guide.html

trafodion.apache.org/documentation.html

Developer

Blazegraph

Actian Corporation

Microsoft

Apache Software Foundation

Apache Software Foundation, originally developed by HP

Initial release

2006

1974

originally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s

2014

Current release

2.1.5, March 2019

11.2, May 2022

3.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023

2.3.0, February 2019

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

extended commercial license available

commercial

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

Java

Scala

C++, Java

Server operating systems

Linux
OS X
Windows

AIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows

hosted

Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

RDF literal types

yes

JSON types

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

but tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files available

Secondary indexes

yes

All properties auto-indexed by default

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SPARQL is used as query language

yes

SQL-like query language

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

yes

APIs and other access methods

Java API
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL QUERY
SPARQL UPDATE
TinkerPop 3

.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)

DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API

JDBC
ODBC

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

.Net
C
C++
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby

.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python

Java
Python
R
Scala

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC/ADO.Net

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

JavaScript

Java Stored Procedures

Triggers

yes

JavaScript

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

horizontal partitioning

Ingres Star to access multiple databases simultaneously

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

yes, utilizing Spark Core

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

Ingres Replicator

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service

none

yes, via HBase

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

with Hadoop integration

Integration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*

yes

via user defined functions and HBase

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration

Immediate Consistency

Bounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Consistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Relationships in Graphs

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Multi-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partition

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

MVCC

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

User concepts

Access control

Security and Authentication via Web Application Container (Tomcat, Jetty)

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights can be defined down to the item level

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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