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DBMS > Blazegraph vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. PostgreSQL vs. TimesTen

System Properties Comparison Blazegraph vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. PostgreSQL vs. TimesTen

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameBlazegraph  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Datastore  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonTimesTen  Xexclude from comparison
Amazon has acquired Blazegraph's domain and (probably) product. It is said that Amazon Neptune is based on Blazegraph.
DescriptionHigh-performance graph database supporting Semantic Web (RDF/SPARQL) and Graph Database (tinkerpop3, blueprints, vertex-centric) APIs with scale-out and High Availability.Automatically scaling NoSQL Database as a Service (DBaaS) on the Google Cloud PlatformElastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLIn-Memory RDBMS compatible to Oracle
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
RDF store
Document storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.81
Rank#213  Overall
#19  Graph DBMS
#8  RDF stores
Score4.36
Rank#72  Overall
#12  Document stores
Score19.93
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Score636.25
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score1.36
Rank#161  Overall
#75  Relational DBMS
Websiteblazegraph.comcloud.google.com/­datastoreazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticswww.postgresql.orgwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­timesten.html
Technical documentationwiki.blazegraph.comcloud.google.com/­datastore/­docsdocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticswww.postgresql.org/­docsdocs.oracle.com/­database/­timesten-18.1
DeveloperBlazegraphGoogleMicrosoftPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerOracle, TimesTen Performance Software, HP infooriginally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005
Initial release2006200820161989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL1998
Current release2.1.5, March 201916.3, May 202411 Release 2 (11.2.2.8.0)
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoextended commercial license availablecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoBSDcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaC++C
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
hostedhostedFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyes infoRDF literal typesyes, details hereyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSPARQL is used as query languageSQL-like query language (GQL)yesyes infostandard with numerous extensionsyes
APIs and other access methodsJava API
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL QUERY
SPARQL UPDATE
TinkerPop 3
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C#
Java
PHP
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C
C++
Java
PL/SQL
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesusing Google App EngineTransact SQLuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.PL/SQL
TriggersnoCallbacks using the Google Apps Enginenoyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingSharding, horizontal partitioningpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesMulti-source replication using PaxosyesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configurationImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on type of query and configuration infoStrong Consistency is default for entity lookups and queries within an Entity Group (but can instead be made eventually consistent). Other queries are always eventual consistent.Immediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in Graphsyes infovia ReferenceProperties or Ancestor pathsno infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACID infoSerializable Isolation within Transactions, Read Committed outside of TransactionsACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes infoby means of logfiles and checkpoints
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlSecurity and Authentication via Web Application Container (Tomcat, Jetty)Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)yesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
BlazegraphGoogle Cloud DatastoreMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehousePostgreSQLTimesTen
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