DBMS > Blazegraph vs. FoundationDB vs. MonetDB vs. SAP HANA vs. Virtuoso

System Properties Comparison Blazegraph vs. FoundationDB vs. MonetDB vs. SAP HANA vs. Virtuoso

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Amazon has acquired Blazegraph's domain and (probably) product. It is said that Amazon Neptune is based on Blazegraph.

Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.

Description

High-performance graph database supporting Semantic Web (RDF/SPARQL) and Graph Database (tinkerpop3, blueprints, vertex-centric) APIs with scale-out and High Availability.

Ordered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.

A relational database management system that stores data in columns

In-memory, column based data store. Available as appliance or cloud service

Virtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphs

Primary database model

Graph DBMS
RDF store

Document store

supported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS

supported via specific SQL-layer

Relational DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine

Secondary database models

Document store
Spatial DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS

with SAP Hana, Enterprise Edition
Spatial DBMS

Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	0.75
Rank	#219	Overall
	#19	Graph DBMS
	#8	RDF stores

Score	1.03
Rank	#190	Overall
	#31	Document stores
	#28	Key-value stores
	#89	Relational DBMS

Score	1.72
Rank	#145	Overall
	#67	Relational DBMS

Score	44.69
Rank	#22	Overall
	#16	Relational DBMS

Score	4.26
Rank	#78	Overall
	#13	Document stores
	#4	Graph DBMS
	#2	Native XML DBMS
	#42	Relational DBMS
	#2	RDF stores
	#9	Search engines

Website

blazegraph.com

github.com/apple/foundationdb

www.monetdb.org

www.sap.com/products/hana.html

virtuoso.openlinksw.com

Technical documentation

wiki.blazegraph.com

apple.github.io/foundationdb

www.monetdb.org/Documentation

help.sap.com/hana

docs.openlinksw.com/virtuoso

Developer

Blazegraph

FoundationDB

MonetDB BV

SAP

OpenLink Software

Initial release

2006

2013

2004

2010

1998

Current release

2.1.5, March 2019

6.2.28, November 2020

Dec2023 (11.49), December 2023

2.0 SPS07 (April 4, 2023), April 2023

7.2.11, September 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

extended commercial license available

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

Mozilla Public License 2.0

commercial

Open Source

GPLv2, extended commercial license available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

also available as a cloud based service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

C++

Server operating systems

Linux
OS X
Windows

FreeBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

Appliance or cloud-service

AIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

Data scheme

schema-free

some layers support schemas

yes

SQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

RDF literal types

some layers support typing

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SPARQL is used as query language

supported in specific SQL layer only

yes

SQL 2003 with some extensions

yes

SQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLX

APIs and other access methods

Java API
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL QUERY
SPARQL UPDATE
TinkerPop 3

JDBC
native C library

MAPI library (MonetDB application programming interface)
ODBC

JDBC
ODBC

ADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT

Supported programming languages

.Net
C
C++
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby

.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript

Node.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift

C
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby

.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

in SQL-layer only

yes, in SQL, C, R

SQLScript, R

yes

Virtuoso PL

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

Sharding via remote tables

yes

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

none

Source-replica replication available in experimental status

yes

Chain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration

Linearizable consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Relationships in Graphs

in SQL-layer only

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Security and Authentication via Web Application Container (Tomcat, Jetty)

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

yes

Fine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

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Competitive advantages

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Typical application scenarios

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Key customers

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Market metrics

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Licensing and pricing models

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