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DBMS > Blazegraph vs. Citus vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. SQLite vs. TimesTen

System Properties Comparison Blazegraph vs. Citus vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. SQLite vs. TimesTen

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameBlazegraph  Xexclude from comparisonCitus  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonSQLite  Xexclude from comparisonTimesTen  Xexclude from comparison
Amazon has acquired Blazegraph's domain and (probably) product. It is said that Amazon Neptune is based on Blazegraph.
DescriptionHigh-performance graph database supporting Semantic Web (RDF/SPARQL) and Graph Database (tinkerpop3, blueprints, vertex-centric) APIs with scale-out and High Availability.Scalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLFully managed big data interactive analytics platformWidely used embeddable, in-process RDBMSIn-Memory RDBMS compatible to Oracle
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.75
Rank#219  Overall
#19  Graph DBMS
#8  RDF stores
Score2.21
Rank#118  Overall
#56  Relational DBMS
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score114.32
Rank#10  Overall
#7  Relational DBMS
Score1.31
Rank#163  Overall
#74  Relational DBMS
Websiteblazegraph.comwww.citusdata.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerwww.sqlite.orgwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­timesten.html
Technical documentationwiki.blazegraph.comdocs.citusdata.comdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerwww.sqlite.org/­docs.htmldocs.oracle.com/­database/­timesten-18.1
DeveloperBlazegraphMicrosoftDwayne Richard HippOracle, TimesTen Performance Software, HP infooriginally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005
Initial release20062010201920001998
Current release2.1.5, March 20198.1, December 2018cloud service with continuous releases3.46.0  (23 May 2024), May 202411 Release 2 (11.2.2.8.0)
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoextended commercial license availableOpen Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availablecommercialOpen Source infoPublic Domaincommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaCC
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
Linuxhostedserver-lessAIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yes infodynamic column typesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyes infoRDF literal typesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyes infonot rigid because of 'dynamic typing' concept.yes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalityyesnono
Secondary indexesyesyesall fields are automatically indexedyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSPARQL is used as query languageyes infostandard, with numerous extensionsKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetyes infoSQL-92 is not fully supportedyes
APIs and other access methodsJava API
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL QUERY
SPARQL UPDATE
TinkerPop 3
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET infoinofficial driver
JDBC infoinofficial driver
ODBC infoinofficial driver
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
Actionscript
Ada
Basic
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Forth
Fortran
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Tcl
C
C++
Java
PL/SQL
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.Yes, possible languages: KQL, Python, RnoPL/SQL
Triggersnoyesyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicenonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.noneMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configurationImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in Graphsyesnoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDnoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes infovia file-system locksyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes infoby means of logfiles and checkpoints
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlSecurity and Authentication via Web Application Container (Tomcat, Jetty)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAzure Active Directory Authenticationnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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BlazegraphCitusMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerSQLiteTimesTen
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