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DBMS > Blazegraph vs. Citus vs. Immudb vs. LevelDB

System Properties Comparison Blazegraph vs. Citus vs. Immudb vs. LevelDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameBlazegraph  Xexclude from comparisonCitus  Xexclude from comparisonImmudb  Xexclude from comparisonLevelDB  Xexclude from comparison
Amazon has acquired Blazegraph's domain and (probably) product. It is said that Amazon Neptune is based on Blazegraph.
DescriptionHigh-performance graph database supporting Semantic Web (RDF/SPARQL) and Graph Database (tinkerpop3, blueprints, vertex-centric) APIs with scale-out and High Availability.Scalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLAn open source immutable (append-only) database with cryptographic verification which makes it tamper-resistant and fully auditable.Embeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string values
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMSKey-value storeKey-value store
Secondary database modelsDocument storeRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.75
Rank#219  Overall
#19  Graph DBMS
#8  RDF stores
Score2.21
Rank#118  Overall
#56  Relational DBMS
Score0.24
Rank#305  Overall
#43  Key-value stores
Score2.35
Rank#111  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Websiteblazegraph.comwww.citusdata.comgithub.com/­codenotary/­immudb
immudb.io
github.com/­google/­leveldb
Technical documentationwiki.blazegraph.comdocs.citusdata.comdocs.immudb.iogithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.md
DeveloperBlazegraphCodenotaryGoogle
Initial release2006201020202011
Current release2.1.5, March 20198.1, December 20181.2.3, April 20221.23, February 2021
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoextended commercial license availableOpen Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availableOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoBSD
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaCGoC++
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
LinuxBSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesschema-freeschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyes infoRDF literal typesyesno
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalitynono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLSPARQL is used as query languageyes infostandard, with numerous extensionsSQL-like syntaxno
APIs and other access methodsJava API
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL QUERY
SPARQL UPDATE
TinkerPop 3
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
gRPC protocol
PostgreSQL wire protocol
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.nono
Triggersnoyesnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingShardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configurationImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in Graphsyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infowith automatic compression on writes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nono
User concepts infoAccess controlSecurity and Authentication via Web Application Container (Tomcat, Jetty)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardno

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More resources
BlazegraphCitusImmudbLevelDB
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