DBMS > BigchainDB vs. Citus vs. Heroic vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. RDF4J

System Properties Comparison BigchainDB vs. Citus vs. Heroic vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. RDF4J

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

BigchainDB is scalable blockchain database offering decentralization, immutability and native assets

Scalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQL

Time Series DBMS built at Spotify based on Cassandra or Google Cloud Bigtable, and ElasticSearch

Microsofts flagship relational DBMS

RDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Document store

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	0.79
Rank	#212	Overall
	#36	Document stores

Score	2.21
Rank	#118	Overall
	#56	Relational DBMS

Score	0.51
Rank	#255	Overall
	#21	Time Series DBMS

Score	824.29
Rank	#3	Overall
	#3	Relational DBMS

Score	0.69
Rank	#230	Overall
	#9	RDF stores

Website

www.bigchaindb.com

www.citusdata.com

github.com/spotify/heroic

www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server

rdf4j.org

Technical documentation

bigchaindb.readthedocs.io/en/latest

docs.citusdata.com

spotify.github.io/heroic

learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server

rdf4j.org/documentation

Developer

Spotify

Microsoft

Since 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.

Initial release

2016

2010

2014

1989

2004

Current release

8.1, December 2018

SQL Server 2022, November 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

AGPL v3

Open Source

AGPL, commercial license also available

Open Source

Apache 2.0

commercial

restricted free version is available

Open Source

Eclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Python

Java

C++

Java

Server operating systems

Linux

Linux
Windows

Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

schema-free

yes

RDF Schemas

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

specific XML type available, but no XML query functionality

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

via Elasticsearch

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

standard, with numerous extensions

yes

APIs and other access methods

CLI Client
RESTful HTTP API

ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects

HQL (Heroic Query Language, a JSON-based language)
HTTP API

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

Java API
RIO

RDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL

Sesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL

Supported programming languages

Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby

.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl

C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic

Java
PHP
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

realized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.

Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java

yes

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

selectable replication factor

Source-replica replication

other methods possible by using 3rd party extensions

yes

yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Isolation support depends on the API used

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes,with MongoDB ord RethinkDB

yes

in-memory storage is supported as well

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

yes

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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