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DBMS > BaseX vs. FoundationDB vs. Milvus vs. Neo4j vs. Titan

System Properties Comparison BaseX vs. FoundationDB vs. Milvus vs. Neo4j vs. Titan

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameBaseX  Xexclude from comparisonFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonMilvus  Xexclude from comparisonNeo4j  Xexclude from comparisonTitan  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.Titan has been decommisioned after the takeover by Datastax. It will be removed from the DB-Engines ranking. A fork has been open-sourced as JanusGraph.
DescriptionLight-weight Native XML DBMS with support for XQuery 3.0 and interactive GUI.Ordered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.A DBMS designed for efficient storage of vector data and vector similarity searchesScalable, ACID-compliant graph database designed with a high-performance distributed cluster architecture, available in self-hosted and cloud offeringsTitan is a Graph DBMS optimized for distributed clusters.
Primary database modelNative XML DBMSDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Vector DBMSGraph DBMSGraph DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.56
Rank#141  Overall
#4  Native XML DBMS
Score0.97
Rank#191  Overall
#32  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#87  Relational DBMS
Score3.01
Rank#89  Overall
#4  Vector DBMS
Score42.68
Rank#21  Overall
#1  Graph DBMS
Websitebasex.orggithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbmilvus.ioneo4j.comgithub.com/­thinkaurelius/­titan
Technical documentationdocs.basex.orgapple.github.io/­foundationdbmilvus.io/­docs/­overview.mdneo4j.com/­docsgithub.com/­thinkaurelius/­titan/­wiki
DeveloperBaseX GmbHFoundationDBNeo4j, Inc.Aurelius, owned by DataStax
Initial release20072013201920072012
Current release11.2, August 20246.2.28, November 20202.4.4, May 20245.23, August 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoBSD licenseOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoGPL version3, commercial licenses availableOpen Source infoApache license, version 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Zilliz Cloud – Cloud-native service for MilvusNeo4j Aura: Neo4j’s fully managed cloud service: The zero-admin, always-on graph database for cloud developers.
Implementation languageJavaC++C++, GoJava, ScalaJava
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
macOS info10.14 or later
Windows infowith WSL 2 enabled
Linux infoCan also be used server-less as embedded Java database.
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeschema-free infosome layers support schemasschema-free and schema-optionalyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateno infoXQuery supports typesno infosome layers support typingVector, Numeric and Stringyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.no
Secondary indexesyesnonoyes infopluggable indexing subsystem, by default Apache Luceneyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnosupported in specific SQL layer onlynonono
APIs and other access methodsJava API
RESTful HTTP API
RESTXQ
WebDAV
XML:DB
XQJ
RESTful HTTP APIBolt protocol
Cypher query language
Java API
Neo4j-OGM infoObject Graph Mapper
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data Neo4j
TinkerPop 3
Java API
TinkerPop Blueprints
TinkerPop Frames
TinkerPop Gremlin
TinkerPop Rexster
Supported programming languagesActionscript
C
C#
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Lisp
Perl
PHP
Python
Qt
Rebol
Ruby
Scala
Visual Basic
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Clojure
Java
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesin SQL-layer onlynoyes infoUser defined Procedures and Functionsyes
Triggersyes infovia eventsnonoyes infovia event handleryes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingShardingyes using Neo4j Fabricyes infovia pluggable storage backends
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneyesCausal Clustering using Raft protocol infoavailable in in Enterprise Version onlyyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononoyes infovia Faunus, a graph analytics engine
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemLinearizable consistencyBounded Staleness
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Session Consistency
Tunable Consistency
Causal and Eventual Consistency configurable in Causal Cluster setup
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoin SQL-layer onlynoyes infoRelationships in graphsyes infoRelationships in graph
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datamultiple readers, single writerACIDnoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes infoSupports various storage backends: Cassandra, HBase, Berkeley DB, Akiban, Hazelcast
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers with fine-grained authorization concept on 4 levelsnoRole based access control and fine grained access rightsUsers, roles and permissions. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)User authentification and security via Rexster Graph Server
More information provided by the system vendor
BaseXFoundationDBMilvusNeo4jTitan
Specific characteristicsMilvus is an open-source and cloud-native vector database built for production-ready...
» more
Neo4j delivers graph technology that has been battle tested for performance and scale...
» more
Competitive advantagesHighly available, versatile, and robust with millisecond latency. Supports batch...
» more
Neo4j is the market leader, graph database category creator, and the most widely...
» more
Typical application scenariosRAG: retrieval augmented generation Video media : video understanding, video deduplication....
» more
Real-Time Recommendations Master Data Management Identity and Access Management Network...
» more
Key customersMilvus is trusted by thousands of enterprises, including PayPal, eBay, IKEA, LINE,...
» more
Over 800 commercial customers and over 4300 startups use Neo4j. Flagship customers...
» more
Market metricsAs of January 2024, 25k+ GitHub stars 10M+ downloads and installations​ ​ 3k+ enterprise...
» more
Neo4j boasts the world's largest graph database ecosystem with more than 140 million...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsMilvus was released under the open-source Apache License 2.0 in October 2019. Fully-managed...
» more
GPL v3 license that can be used all the places where you might use MySQL. Neo4j Commercial...
» more
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