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DBMS > BaseX vs. Firebird vs. Heroic vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. PostgreSQL

System Properties Comparison BaseX vs. Firebird vs. Heroic vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. PostgreSQL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameBaseX  Xexclude from comparisonFirebird  Xexclude from comparisonHeroic  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionLight-weight Native XML DBMS with support for XQuery 3.0 and interactive GUI.Firebird is an open source RDBMS forked from Borland's InterBaseTime Series DBMS built at Spotify based on Cassandra or Google Cloud Bigtable, and ElasticSearchFully managed big data interactive analytics platformWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL
Primary database modelNative XML DBMSRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.73
Rank#142  Overall
#4  Native XML DBMS
Score20.82
Rank#30  Overall
#18  Relational DBMS
Score0.51
Rank#255  Overall
#21  Time Series DBMS
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Websitebasex.orgwww.firebirdsql.orggithub.com/­spotify/­heroicazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerwww.postgresql.org
Technical documentationdocs.basex.orgwww.firebirdsql.org/­en/­reference-manualsspotify.github.io/­heroicdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerwww.postgresql.org/­docs
DeveloperBaseX GmbHFirebird FoundationSpotifyMicrosoftPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developer
Initial release20072000 infoAs fork of Borland's InterBase201420191989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL
Current release10.7, August 20235.0.0, January 2024cloud service with continuous releases16.3, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoBSD licenseOpen Source infoInitial Developer's Public LicenseOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialOpen Source infoBSD
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaC and C++JavaC
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
AIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
server-less infoFirebird Embedded Server
Solaris
Unix
Windows
hostedFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesschema-freeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateno infoXQuery supports typesyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.
Secondary indexesyesyesyes infovia Elasticsearchall fields are automatically indexedyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyesnoKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetyes infostandard with numerous extensions
APIs and other access methodsJava API
RESTful HTTP API
RESTXQ
WebDAV
XML:DB
XQJ
ADO.NET
C/C++ API
JDBC infoJaybird
ODBC
OLE DB
HQL (Heroic Query Language, a JSON-based language)
HTTP API
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languagesActionscript
C
C#
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Lisp
Perl
PHP
Python
Qt
Rebol
Ruby
Scala
Visual Basic
C
C#
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesPSQLnoYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Ruser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.
Triggersyes infovia eventsyesnoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenoneShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicepartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneSource-replica replicationyesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Source-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensions
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnonoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datamultiple readers, single writerACIDnonoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infoFeatures a multi-generational MVCC architecture, readers do not block writersyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers with fine-grained authorization concept on 4 levelsUsers with fine-grained authorization conceptAzure Active Directory Authenticationfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

More information provided by the system vendor

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More resources
BaseXFirebirdHeroicMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerPostgreSQL
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