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DBMS > ArcadeDB vs. GBase vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. SQLite

System Properties Comparison ArcadeDB vs. GBase vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. SQLite

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameArcadeDB  Xexclude from comparisonGBase  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonSQLite  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFast and scalable multi-model DBMS, originally forked from OrientDB but most of the code has been rewrittenWidely used RDBMS in China, including analytical, transactional, distributed transactional, and cloud-native data warehousing.A horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Widely used embeddable, in-process RDBMS
Primary database modelDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Time Series DBMS infoin next version
Relational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.02
Rank#366  Overall
#50  Document stores
#38  Graph DBMS
#53  Key-value stores
#36  Time Series DBMS
Score1.07
Rank#185  Overall
#86  Relational DBMS
Score2.89
Rank#103  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Score114.32
Rank#10  Overall
#7  Relational DBMS
Websitearcadedb.comwww.gbase.cncloud.google.com/­spannerwww.sqlite.org
Technical documentationdocs.arcadedb.comcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docswww.sqlite.org/­docs.html
DeveloperArcade DataGeneral Data Technology Co., Ltd.GoogleDwayne Richard Hipp
Initial release2021200420172000
Current releaseSeptember 2021GBase 8a, GBase 8s, GBase 8c3.45.3  (15 April 2024), April 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0commercialcommercialOpen Source infoPublic Domain
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaC, Java, PythonC
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMLinuxhostedserver-less
Data schemeschema-freeyesyesyes infodynamic column types
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes infonot rigid because of 'dynamic typing' concept.
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesnono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query language, no joinsStandard with numerous extensionsyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011yes infoSQL-92 is not fully supported
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
MongoDB API
OpenCypher
PostgreSQL wire protocol
Redis API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
TinkerPop Gremlin
ADO.NET
C API
JDBC
ODBC
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET infoinofficial driver
JDBC infoinofficial driver
ODBC infoinofficial driver
Supported programming languagesJavaC#Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Actionscript
Ada
Basic
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Forth
Fortran
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functionsnono
Triggersyesnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeshorizontal partitioning (by range, list and hash) and vertical partitioningShardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replicationyesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.none
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes inforelationship in graphsyesyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACID infoStrict serializable isolationACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes infovia file-system locks
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes
User concepts infoAccess controlyesAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)no

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More resources
ArcadeDBGBaseGoogle Cloud SpannerSQLite
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