DBMS > ArcadeDB vs. FoundationDB vs. HugeGraph vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. NuoDB

System Properties Comparison ArcadeDB vs. FoundationDB vs. HugeGraph vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. NuoDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.

Description

Fast and scalable multi-model DBMS, originally forked from OrientDB but most of the code has been rewritten

Ordered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.

A fast-speed and highly-scalable Graph DBMS

Microsofts flagship relational DBMS

NuoDB is a webscale distributed database that supports SQL and ACID transactions

Primary database model

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Time Series DBMS

in next version

Document store

supported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS

supported via specific SQL-layer

Graph DBMS

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	0.10
Rank	#358	Overall
	#48	Document stores
	#38	Graph DBMS
	#52	Key-value stores
	#35	Time Series DBMS

Score	1.06
Rank	#185	Overall
	#31	Document stores
	#28	Key-value stores
	#85	Relational DBMS

Score	0.17
Rank	#335	Overall
	#31	Graph DBMS

Score	821.56
Rank	#3	Overall
	#3	Relational DBMS

Score	0.94
Rank	#197	Overall
	#92	Relational DBMS

Website

arcadedb.com

github.com/apple/foundationdb

github.com/hugegraph
hugegraph.apache.org

www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server

www.3ds.com/nuodb-distributed-sql-database

Technical documentation

docs.arcadedb.com

apple.github.io/foundationdb

hugegraph.apache.org/docs

learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server

doc.nuodb.com

Developer

Arcade Data

FoundationDB

Baidu

Microsoft

Dassault Systèmes

originally NuoDB, Inc.

Initial release

2021

2013

2018

1989

2013

Current release

September 2021

6.2.28, November 2020

0.9

SQL Server 2022, November 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

commercial

restricted free version is available

commercial

limited edition free

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

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Implementation language

Java

C++

Java

C++

Server operating systems

All OS with a Java VM

Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux
macOS
Unix

Linux
Windows

hosted

Amazon EC2, Windows Azure, SoftLayer
Linux
OS X
Windows

Data scheme

schema-free

some layers support schemas

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

some layers support typing

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

also supports composite index and range index

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like query language, no joins

supported in specific SQL layer only

yes

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
MongoDB API
OpenCypher
PostgreSQL wire protocol
Redis API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
TinkerPop Gremlin

Java API
RESTful HTTP API
TinkerPop Gremlin

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

Java

.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript

Node.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift

Groovy
Java
Python

C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic

.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

in SQL-layer only

asynchronous Gremlin script jobs

Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java

Java, SQL

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

yes

depending on used storage backend, e.g. Cassandra and HBase

tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation

data is dynamically stored/cached on the nodes where it is read/written

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Source-replica replication

yes

depending on used storage backend, e.g. Cassandra and HBase

yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition

yes

Managed transparently by NuoDB

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

via hugegraph-spark

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Linearizable consistency

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

relationship in graphs

in SQL-layer only

yes

edges in graph

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

tunable commit protocol

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

MVCC

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

Temporary table

User concepts

Access control

Users, roles and permissions

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Standard SQL roles/ privileges, Administrative Users

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