DBMS > ArcadeDB vs. DataFS vs. HyperSQL vs. LokiJS vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer

System Properties Comparison ArcadeDB vs. DataFS vs. HyperSQL vs. LokiJS vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Fast and scalable multi-model DBMS, originally forked from OrientDB but most of the code has been rewritten

All data is stored inside objects which are linked by so-called link attributes. Objects consist of classes which can be extended and de-extended at runtime. Graphs can be defined with a struct.

Multithreaded, transactional RDBMS written in Java

also known as HSQLDB

In-memory JavaScript DBMS

Fully managed big data interactive analytics platform

Primary database model

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Time Series DBMS

in next version

column oriented

Secondary database models

Graph DBMS

Document store

If a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/query/scalar-data-types/dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store

this is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine

support for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/query/parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/query/geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS

see docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/time-series-analysis

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	0.10
Rank	#358	Overall
	#48	Document stores
	#38	Graph DBMS
	#52	Key-value stores
	#35	Time Series DBMS

Score	0.09
Rank	#360	Overall
	#17	Object oriented DBMS

Score	3.23
Rank	#93	Overall
	#48	Relational DBMS

Score	0.49
Rank	#260	Overall
	#42	Document stores

Score	3.80
Rank	#81	Overall
	#43	Relational DBMS

Website

arcadedb.com

newdatabase.com

hsqldb.org

github.com/techfort/LokiJS

azure.microsoft.com/services/data-explorer

Technical documentation

docs.arcadedb.com

dev.mobiland.com/Overview.xsp

hsqldb.org/web/hsqlDocsFrame.html

techfort.github.io/LokiJS

docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer

Developer

Arcade Data

Mobiland AG

Microsoft

Initial release

2021

2018

2001

2014

2019

Current release

September 2021

1.1.263, October 2022

2.7.2, June 2023

cloud service with continuous releases

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

commercial

Open Source

based on BSD license

Open Source

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

JavaScript

Server operating systems

All OS with a Java VM

Windows

All OS with a Java VM

Embedded (into Java applications) and Client-Server operating modes

server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)

hosted

Data scheme

schema-free

Classes, Structs, and Lists are written in proprietary DataTypeDefinitionLanguage (.dtdl) and Objects consisting of those are written in proprietary DataAccessDefinitionLanguage (.dadl)

yes

schema-free

Fixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

bool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/query/scalar-data-types

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

via views

all fields are automatically indexed

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like query language, no joins

yes

Kusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subset

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
MongoDB API
OpenCypher
PostgreSQL wire protocol
Redis API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
TinkerPop Gremlin

.NET Client API
Proprietary client DLL
WinRT client

HTTP API

JDBC via HTTP
JDBC
ODBC

JavaScript API

Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API

Supported programming languages

Java

.Net
C
C#
C++
VB.Net

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC
Java

JavaScript

.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

Java, SQL

View functions in JavaScript

Yes, possible languages: KQL, Python, R

Triggers

no, except callback-events from server when changes happened

yes

see docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/management/updatepolicy

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Proprietary Sharding system

none

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Source-replica replication

none

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Spark connector (open source): github.com/Azure/azure-kusto-spark

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

none

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

relationship in graphs

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

atomic operations within a single collection possible

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

Serialization of a DB in a Node.JS/Cordova/PhoneGap environment. Usage of the IndexedDB-API in a browser.

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Windows-Profile

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Azure Active Directory Authentication

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More resources

DB-Engines blog posts

New kids on the block: database management systems implemented in JavaScript
1 December 2014, Matthias Gelbmann

show all

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