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DBMS > ArcadeDB vs. HyperSQL vs. LokiJS vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer

System Properties Comparison ArcadeDB vs. HyperSQL vs. LokiJS vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameArcadeDB  Xexclude from comparisonHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDB  Xexclude from comparisonLokiJS  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFast and scalable multi-model DBMS, originally forked from OrientDB but most of the code has been rewrittenMultithreaded, transactional RDBMS written in Java infoalso known as HSQLDBIn-memory JavaScript DBMSFully managed big data interactive analytics platform
Primary database modelDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Time Series DBMS infoin next version
Relational DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMS infocolumn oriented
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.02
Rank#366  Overall
#50  Document stores
#38  Graph DBMS
#53  Key-value stores
#36  Time Series DBMS
Score3.49
Rank#87  Overall
#47  Relational DBMS
Score0.43
Rank#264  Overall
#42  Document stores
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Websitearcadedb.comhsqldb.orggithub.com/­techfort/­LokiJSazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorer
Technical documentationdocs.arcadedb.comhsqldb.org/­web/­hsqlDocsFrame.htmltechfort.github.io/­LokiJSdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer
DeveloperArcade DataMicrosoft
Initial release2021200120142019
Current releaseSeptember 20212.7.2, June 2023cloud service with continuous releases
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infobased on BSD licenseOpen Sourcecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaJavaJavaScript
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMAll OS with a Java VM infoEmbedded (into Java applications) and Client-Server operating modesserver-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)hosted
Data schemeschema-freeyesschema-freeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnoyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes
Secondary indexesyesyesyes infovia viewsall fields are automatically indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query language, no joinsyesnoKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subset
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
MongoDB API
OpenCypher
PostgreSQL wire protocol
Redis API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
TinkerPop Gremlin
HTTP API infoJDBC via HTTP
JDBC
ODBC
JavaScript APIMicrosoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesJavaAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC
Java
JavaScript.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresJava, SQLView functions in JavaScriptYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, R
Triggersyesyesyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicy
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud service
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replicationnonenoneyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyesSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-spark
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencynoneEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes inforelationship in graphsyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDno infoatomic operations within a single collection possibleno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infoSerialization of a DB in a Node.JS/Cordova/PhoneGap environment. Usage of the IndexedDB-API in a browser.yes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnoAzure Active Directory Authentication

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More resources
ArcadeDBHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDBLokiJSMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer
DB-Engines blog posts

New kids on the block: database management systems implemented in JavaScript
1 December 2014, Matthias Gelbmann

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