DBMS > ArangoDB vs. GridGain vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Milvus vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison ArangoDB vs. GridGain vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Milvus vs. XTDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Native multi-model DBMS for graph, document, key/value and search. All in one engine and accessible with one query language.

GridGain is an in-memory computing platform, built on Apache Ignite

Microsofts flagship relational DBMS

A DBMS designed for efficient storage of vector data and vector similarity searches

A general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries

Primary database model

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Search engine

Key-value store
Relational DBMS

Relational DBMS

Vector DBMS

Document store

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	3.26
Rank	#88	Overall
	#15	Document stores
	#5	Graph DBMS
	#12	Key-value stores
	#10	Search engines

Score	1.55
Rank	#150	Overall
	#26	Key-value stores
	#70	Relational DBMS

Score	821.56
Rank	#3	Overall
	#3	Relational DBMS

Score	2.78
Rank	#103	Overall
	#3	Vector DBMS

Score	0.18
Rank	#332	Overall
	#46	Document stores

Website

arangodb.com

www.gridgain.com

www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server

milvus.io

github.com/xtdb/xtdb
www.xtdb.com

Technical documentation

docs.arangodb.com

www.gridgain.com/docs/index.html

learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server

milvus.io/docs/overview.md

www.xtdb.com/docs

Social network pages

Developer

ArangoDB Inc.

GridGain Systems, Inc.

Microsoft

Juxt Ltd.

Initial release

2012

2007

1989

2019

Current release

3.11.5, November 2023

GridGain 8.5.1

SQL Server 2022, November 2022

2.3.4, January 2024

1.19, September 2021

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2; Commercial license (Enterprise) available

commercial

restricted free version is available

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

MIT License

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

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SQLServer Flex @ STACKIT offers a managed version of SQL Server with adjustable CPU, RAM, storage amount and speed, in enterprise grade to perfectly match all application requirements. All services are 100% GDPR-compliant.

Zilliz Cloud – Cloud-native service for Milvus

Implementation language

C++

Java, C++, .Net

C++

C++, Go

Clojure

Server operating systems

Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

Linux
Windows

Linux
macOS

10.14 or later
Windows

with WSL 2 enabled

All OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux

Data scheme

schema-free

automatically recognizes schema within a collection

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

string, double, boolean, list, hash

yes

Vector, Numeric and String

yes, extensible-data-notation format

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

ANSI-99 for query and DML statements, subset of DDL

yes

limited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite

APIs and other access methods

AQL
Foxx Framework
Graph API (Gremlin)
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Java & SpringData
JSON style queries
VelocyPack/VelocyStream

HDFS API
Hibernate
JCache
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

RESTful HTTP API

HTTP REST
JDBC

Supported programming languages

C#
C++
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Rust

C#
C++
Java
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic

C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

Clojure
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

JavaScript

yes (compute grid and cache interceptors can be used instead)

Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java

Triggers

yes (cache interceptors and events)

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

since version 2.0

Sharding

tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation

Sharding

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Source-replica replication with configurable replication factor

yes (replicated cache)

yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition

yes, each node contains all data

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

can be done with stored procedures in JavaScript

yes (compute grid and hadoop accelerator)

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency

configurable per collection or per write
Immediate Consistency
OneShard (highly available, fault-tolerant deployment mode with ACID semantics)

Immediate Consistency

Bounded Staleness
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Session Consistency
Tunable Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

relationships in graphs

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

yes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

yes

Security Hooks for custom implementations

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Role based access control and fine grained access rights

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

Graph and Beyond. With more than 11,000 stargazers on GitHub, ArangoDB is the leading...
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Milvus is an open-source and cloud-native vector database built for production-ready...
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Competitive advantages

Consolidation: As a native multi-model database, can be used as a full blown document...
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Highly available, versatile, and robust with millisecond latency. Supports batch...
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Typical application scenarios

Native multi-model in ArangoDB is being used for a broad range of projects across...
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RAG: retrieval augmented generation Video media : video understanding, video deduplication....
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Key customers

Cisco, Barclays, Refinitive, Siemens Mentor, Kabbage, Liaison, Douglas, MakeMyTrip,...
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Milvus is trusted by thousands of enterprises, including PayPal, eBay, IKEA, LINE,...
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Market metrics

ArangoDB is the leading native multi-model database with over 11,000 stargazers on...
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As of January 2024, 25k+ GitHub stars 10M+ downloads and installations 3k+ enterprise...
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Licensing and pricing models

Very permissive Apache 2 License for Community Edition & commercial licenses are...
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Milvus was released under the open-source Apache License 2.0 in October 2019. Fully-managed...
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