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DBMS > ArangoDB vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. GridDB vs. PostgreSQL

System Properties Comparison ArangoDB vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. GridDB vs. PostgreSQL

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameArangoDB  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonGridDB  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionNative multi-model DBMS for graph, document, key/value and search. All in one engine and accessible with one query language.A horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Scalable in-memory time series database optimized for IoT and Big DataWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL
Primary database modelDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Search engine
Relational DBMSTime Series DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.
Secondary database modelsKey-value store
Relational DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.26
Rank#88  Overall
#15  Document stores
#5  Graph DBMS
#12  Key-value stores
#10  Search engines
Score2.84
Rank#100  Overall
#51  Relational DBMS
Score2.09
Rank#120  Overall
#10  Time Series DBMS
Score636.25
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Websitearangodb.comcloud.google.com/­spannergriddb.netwww.postgresql.org
Technical documentationdocs.arangodb.comcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsdocs.griddb.netwww.postgresql.org/­docs
Social network pagesLinkedInTwitterYouTubeFacebookInstagram
DeveloperArangoDB Inc.GoogleToshiba CorporationPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developer
Initial release2012201720131989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL
Current release3.11.5, November 20235.1, August 202216.3, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2; Commercial license (Enterprise) availablecommercialOpen Source infoAGPL version 3 and Apache License, version 2.0 , commercial license (standard and advanced editions) also availableOpen Source infoBSD
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
ArangoDB Cloud –The Managed Cloud Service of ArangoDB. Provides fully managed, and monitored cluster deployments of any size, with enterprise-grade security. Get started for free and continue for as little as $0,21/hour.
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Implementation languageC++C++C
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
hostedLinuxFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Data schemeschema-free infoautomatically recognizes schema within a collectionyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyes infostring, double, boolean, list, hashyesyes infonumerical, string, blob, geometry, boolean, timestampyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011SQL92, SQL-like TQL (Toshiba Query Language)yes infostandard with numerous extensions
APIs and other access methodsAQL
Foxx Framework
Graph API (Gremlin)
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Java & SpringData
JSON style queries
VelocyPack/VelocyStream
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Rust
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresJavaScriptnonouser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.
Triggersnonoyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infosince version 2.0ShardingShardingpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replication with configurable replication factorMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.Source-replica replicationSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensions
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsno infocan be done with stored procedures in JavaScriptyes infousing Google Cloud DataflowConnector for using GridDB as an input source and output destination for Hadoop MapReduce jobsno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency infoconfigurable per collection or per write
Immediate Consistency
OneShard (highly available, fault-tolerant deployment mode with ACID semantics)
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate consistency within container, eventual consistency across containersImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes inforelationships in graphsyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integritynoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACID infoStrict serializable isolationACID at container levelACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlyesAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Access rights for users can be defined per databasefine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
ArangoDBGoogle Cloud SpannerGridDBPostgreSQL
Specific characteristicsGraph and Beyond. With more than 11,000 stargazers on GitHub, ArangoDB is the leading...
» more
GridDB is a highly scalable, in-memory time series database optimized for IoT and...
» more
Competitive advantagesConsolidation: As a native multi-model database, can be used as a full blown document...
» more
1. Optimized for IoT Equipped with Toshiba's proprietary key-container data model...
» more
Typical application scenariosNative multi-model in ArangoDB is being used for a broad range of projects across...
» more
Factory IoT, Automative Industry, Energy, BEMS, Smart Community, Monitoring system.
» more
Key customersCisco, Barclays, Refinitive, Siemens Mentor, Kabbage, Liaison, Douglas, MakeMyTrip,...
» more
Denso International [see use case ] An Electric Power company [see use case ] Ishinomaki...
» more
Market metricsArangoDB is the leading native multi-model database with over 11,000 stargazers on...
» more
GitHub trending repository
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsVery permissive Apache 2 License for Community Edition & commercial licenses are...
» more
Open Source license (AGPL v3 & Apache v2) Commercial license (subscription)
» more

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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

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More resources
ArangoDBGoogle Cloud SpannerGridDBPostgreSQL
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