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DBMS > ArangoDB vs. Datomic vs. GraphDB vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. TypeDB

System Properties Comparison ArangoDB vs. Datomic vs. GraphDB vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. TypeDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameArangoDB  Xexclude from comparisonDatomic  Xexclude from comparisonGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIM  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonTypeDB infoformerly named Grakn  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionNative multi-model DBMS for graph, document, key/value and search. All in one engine and accessible with one query language.Datomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durabilityEnterprise-ready RDF and graph database with efficient reasoning, cluster and external index synchronization support. It supports also SQL JDBC access to Knowledge Graph and GraphQL over SPARQL.Microsofts flagship relational DBMSTypeDB is a strongly-typed database with a rich and logical type system and TypeQL as its query language
Primary database modelDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Search engine
Relational DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMSGraph DBMS
Relational DBMS infoOften described as a 'hyper-relational' database, since it implements the 'Entity-Relationship Paradigm' to manage complex data structures and ontologies.
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.26
Rank#88  Overall
#15  Document stores
#5  Graph DBMS
#12  Key-value stores
#10  Search engines
Score1.66
Rank#144  Overall
#66  Relational DBMS
Score3.25
Rank#91  Overall
#7  Graph DBMS
#4  RDF stores
Score821.56
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score0.70
Rank#230  Overall
#20  Graph DBMS
#106  Relational DBMS
Websitearangodb.comwww.datomic.comwww.ontotext.comwww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-servertypedb.com
Technical documentationdocs.arangodb.comdocs.datomic.comgraphdb.ontotext.com/­documentationlearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-servertypedb.com/­docs
Social network pagesLinkedInTwitterYouTubeFacebookInstagramLinkedInTwitterYouTubeGitHubMedium
DeveloperArangoDB Inc.CognitectOntotextMicrosoftVaticle
Initial release20122012200019892016
Current release3.11.5, November 20231.0.7075, December 202310.4, October 2023SQL Server 2022, November 20222.26.3, January 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2; Commercial license (Enterprise) availablecommercial infolimited edition freecommercial infoSome plugins of GraphDB Workbench are open sourcedcommercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source infoGPL Version 3, commercial licenses available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
ArangoDB Cloud –The Managed Cloud Service of ArangoDB. Provides fully managed, and monitored cluster deployments of any size, with enterprise-grade security. Get started for free and continue for as little as $0,21/hour.SQLServer Flex @ STACKIT offers a managed version of SQL Server with adjustable CPU, RAM, storage amount and speed, in enterprise grade to perfectly match all application requirements. All services are 100% GDPR-compliant.
Implementation languageC++Java, ClojureJavaC++Java
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VMAll OS with a Java VM
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeschema-free infoautomatically recognizes schema within a collectionyesschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support; RDF shapesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyes infostring, double, boolean, list, hashyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesno
Secondary indexesyesyesyes, supports real-time synchronization and indexing in SOLR/Elastic search/Lucene and GeoSPARQL geometry data indexesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnonostored SPARQL accessed as SQL using Apache Calcite through JDBC/ODBCyesno
APIs and other access methodsAQL
Foxx Framework
Graph API (Gremlin)
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Java & SpringData
JSON style queries
VelocyPack/VelocyStream
RESTful HTTP APIGeoSPARQL
GraphQL
GraphQL Federation
Java API
JDBC
RDF4J API
RDFS
RIO
Sail API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL 1.1
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
gRPC protocol
TypeDB Console (shell)
TypeDB Studio (Visualisation software- previously TypeDB Workbase)
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Rust
Clojure
Java
.Net
C#
Clojure
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
All JVM based languages
Groovy
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresJavaScriptyes infoTransaction Functionswell-defined plugin interfaces; JavaScript server-side extensibilityTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Javano
TriggersnoBy using transaction functionsnoyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infosince version 2.0none infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersnonetables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationSharding infoby using Cassandra
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replication with configurable replication factornone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersMulti-source replicationyes, but depending on the SQL-Server EditionMulti-source replication infoby using Cassandra
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsno infocan be done with stored procedures in JavaScriptnononoyes infoby using Apache Kafka and Apache Zookeeper
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency infoconfigurable per collection or per write
Immediate Consistency
OneShard (highly available, fault-tolerant deployment mode with ACID semantics)
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency, Eventual consistency (configurable in cluster mode per master or individual client request)Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes inforelationships in graphsnoyes infoConstraint checkingyesno infosubstituted by the relationship feature
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infousing external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)yesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yes inforecommended only for testing and developmentyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlyesnoDefault Basic authentication through RDF4J client, or via Java when run with cURL, default token-based in the Workbench or via Rest API, optional access through OpenID or Kerberos single sign-on.fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyes infoat REST API level; other APIs in progress
More information provided by the system vendor
ArangoDBDatomicGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIMMicrosoft SQL ServerTypeDB infoformerly named Grakn
Specific characteristicsGraph and Beyond. With more than 11,000 stargazers on GitHub, ArangoDB is the leading...
» more
Ontotext GraphDB is a semantic database engine that allows organizations to build...
» more
TypeDB is a polymorphic database with a conceptual data model, a strong subtyping...
» more
Competitive advantagesConsolidation: As a native multi-model database, can be used as a full blown document...
» more
GraphDB allows you to link text and data in big knowledge graphs. It’s easy to experiment...
» more
TypeDB provides a new level of expressivity, extensibility, interoperability, and...
» more
Typical application scenariosNative multi-model in ArangoDB is being used for a broad range of projects across...
» more
Metadata enrichment and management, linked data publishing, semantic inferencing...
» more
Life sciences : TypeDB makes working with biological data much easier and accelerates...
» more
Key customersCisco, Barclays, Refinitive, Siemens Mentor, Kabbage, Liaison, Douglas, MakeMyTrip,...
» more
​ GraphDB provides a platform for building next-generation AI and Knowledge Graph...
» more
Market metricsArangoDB is the leading native multi-model database with over 11,000 stargazers on...
» more
GraphDB is the most utilized semantic triplestore for mission-critical enterprise...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsVery permissive Apache 2 License for Community Edition & commercial licenses are...
» more
GraphDB Free is a non-commercial version and is free to use. GraphDB Enterprise edition...
» more
Apache f or language drivers, and AGPL and Commercial for the database server. The...
» more
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