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DBMS > Apache Cassandra vs. ArangoDB vs. Vitess vs. YugabyteDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Cassandra vs. ArangoDB vs. Vitess vs. YugabyteDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Cassandra  Xexclude from comparisonArangoDB  Xexclude from comparisonVitess  Xexclude from comparisonYugabyteDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionWide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessNative multi-model DBMS for graph, document, key/value and search. All in one engine and accessible with one query language.Scalable, distributed, cloud-native DBMS, extending MySQLHigh-performance distributed SQL database for global, internet-scale applications. Wire and feature compatible with PostgreSQL.
Primary database modelWide column storeDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Search engine
Relational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS infostarting with release V5Document store
Spatial DBMS
Document store
Wide column store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score98.94
Rank#11  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score3.30
Rank#82  Overall
#14  Document stores
#5  Graph DBMS
#10  Key-value stores
#10  Search engines
Score0.86
Rank#202  Overall
#95  Relational DBMS
Score2.48
Rank#108  Overall
#53  Relational DBMS
Websitecassandra.apache.orgarangodb.comvitess.iowww.yugabyte.com
Technical documentationcassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latestdocs.arangodb.comvitess.io/­docsdocs.yugabyte.com
github.com/­yugabyte/­yugabyte-db
Social network pagesLinkedInTwitterFacebookYouTubeInstagram
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookArangoDB Inc.The Linux Foundation, PlanetScaleYugabyte Inc.
Initial release2008201220132017
Current release5.0-rc1, July 20243.11.5, November 202315.0.2, December 20222.19, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoApache Version 2; Commercial license (Enterprise) availableOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0, commercial licenses availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.ArangoDB Cloud –The Managed Cloud Service of ArangoDB. Provides fully managed, and monitored cluster deployments of any size, with enterprise-grade security. Get started for free and continue for as little as $0,21/hour.YugabyteDB Managed is the fully managed database-as-a-service offering of YugabyteDB. Get started quickly, and effortlessly ensure continuous availability and limitless scale of your cloud native applications.
Implementation languageJavaC++GoC and C++
Server operating systemsBSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Docker
Linux
macOS
Linux
OS X
Data schemeschema-freeschema-free infoautomatically recognizes schema within a collectionyesdepending on used data model
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes infostring, double, boolean, list, hashyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nono
Secondary indexesrestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)noyes infowith proprietary extensionsyes, PostgreSQL compatible
APIs and other access methodsProprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
AQL
Foxx Framework
Graph API (Gremlin)
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Java & SpringData
JSON style queries
VelocyPack/VelocyStream
ADO.NET
JDBC
MySQL protocol
ODBC
JDBC
YCQL, an SQL-based flexible-schema API with its roots in Cassandra Query Language
YSQL - a fully relational SQL API that is wire compatible with the SQL language in PostgreSQL
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C#
C++
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Rust
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
C
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoJavaScriptyes infoproprietary syntaxyes infosql, plpgsql, C
Triggersyesnoyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infono "single point of failure"Sharding infosince version 2.0ShardingHash and Range Sharding, row-level geo-partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possibleSource-replica replication with configurable replication factorMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Based on Raft distributed consensus protocol, minimum 3 replicas for continuous availability
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesno infocan be done with stored procedures in JavaScriptnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Eventual Consistency infoconfigurable per collection or per write
Immediate Consistency
OneShard (highly available, fault-tolerant deployment mode with ACID semantics)
Eventual Consistency across shards
Immediate Consistency within a shard
Strong consistency on writes and tunable consistency on reads
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes inforelationships in graphsyes infonot for MyISAM storage engineyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datano infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsACIDACID at shard levelDistributed ACID with Serializable & Snapshot Isolation. Inspired by Google Spanner architecture.
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes infotable locks or row locks depending on storage engineyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infobased on RocksDB
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users can be defined per objectyesUsers with fine-grained authorization concept infono user groups or rolesyes
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache CassandraArangoDBVitessYugabyteDB
Specific characteristicsApache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
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Graph and Beyond. With more than 11,000 stargazers on GitHub, ArangoDB is the leading...
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YugabyteDB is an open source distributed SQL database for cloud native transactional...
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Competitive advantagesNo single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
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Consolidation: As a native multi-model database, can be used as a full blown document...
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PostgreSQL compatible: Get instantly productive with a PostgreSQL compatible RDBMS....
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Typical application scenariosInternet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
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Native multi-model in ArangoDB is being used for a broad range of projects across...
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Systems of record and engagement for cloud native applications that require resilience,...
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Key customersApple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
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Cisco, Barclays, Refinitive, Siemens Mentor, Kabbage, Liaison, Douglas, MakeMyTrip,...
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Market metricsApache Cassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
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ArangoDB is the leading native multi-model database with over 11,000 stargazers on...
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2 Million+ lifetime clusters deployed, 6.5K+ GitHub stars, 7K YugabyteDB Community...
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Licensing and pricing modelsApache license  Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
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Very permissive Apache 2 License for Community Edition & commercial licenses are...
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Apache 2.0 license for the database
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