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DBMS > ArangoDB vs. BaseX vs. Memgraph vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. NebulaGraph

System Properties Comparison ArangoDB vs. BaseX vs. Memgraph vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. NebulaGraph

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameArangoDB  Xexclude from comparisonBaseX  Xexclude from comparisonMemgraph  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonNebulaGraph  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionNative multi-model DBMS for graph, document, key/value and search. All in one engine and accessible with one query language.Light-weight Native XML DBMS with support for XQuery 3.0 and interactive GUI.An open source graph database built for real-time streaming and compatible with Neo4jFully managed big data interactive analytics platformA distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMS
Primary database modelDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Search engine
Native XML DBMSGraph DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedGraph DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.26
Rank#88  Overall
#15  Document stores
#5  Graph DBMS
#12  Key-value stores
#10  Search engines
Score1.84
Rank#135  Overall
#4  Native XML DBMS
Score3.19
Rank#94  Overall
#8  Graph DBMS
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score2.23
Rank#116  Overall
#10  Graph DBMS
Websitearangodb.combasex.orgmemgraph.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorergithub.com/­vesoft-inc/­nebula
www.nebula-graph.io
Technical documentationdocs.arangodb.comdocs.basex.orgmemgraph.com/­docsdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerdocs.nebula-graph.io
Social network pagesLinkedInTwitterYouTubeFacebookInstagramLinkedInTwitterFacebookGitHubDiscord
DeveloperArangoDB Inc.BaseX GmbHMemgraph LtdMicrosoftVesoft Inc.
Initial release20122007201720192019
Current release3.11.5, November 202310.7, August 2023cloud service with continuous releases
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2; Commercial license (Enterprise) availableOpen Source infoBSD licenseOpen Source infoBSL 1.1; commercial license for enterprise edition availablecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
ArangoDB Cloud –The Managed Cloud Service of ArangoDB. Provides fully managed, and monitored cluster deployments of any size, with enterprise-grade security. Get started for free and continue for as little as $0,21/hour.
Implementation languageC++JavaC and C++C++
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
LinuxhostedLinux
Data schemeschema-free infoautomatically recognizes schema within a collectionschema-freeschema-free and schema-optionalFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)Strong typed schema
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyes infostring, double, boolean, list, hashno infoXQuery supports typesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesno
Secondary indexesyesyesall fields are automatically indexedyes infoNebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value.
SQL infoSupport of SQLnononoKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetSQL-like query language
APIs and other access methodsAQL
Foxx Framework
Graph API (Gremlin)
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Java & SpringData
JSON style queries
VelocyPack/VelocyStream
Java API
RESTful HTTP API
RESTXQ
WebDAV
XML:DB
XQJ
Bolt protocol
Cypher query language
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
Browser interface
console (shell)
Cypher Query Language
GO Object Graph Mapper
Java Object Graph Mapper
NGBatis infoORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-Boot
Proprietary native API
Python Object Graph Mapper
Query language nGQL
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Rust
Actionscript
C
C#
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Lisp
Perl
PHP
Python
Qt
Rebol
Ruby
Scala
Visual Basic
.Net
C
C++
Elixir
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
.Net
C++
Go
Java
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresJavaScriptyesYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Ruser defined functions
Triggersnoyes infovia eventsyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicy
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infosince version 2.0noneSharding infodynamic graph partitioningSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replication with configurable replication factornoneMulti-source replication using RAFTyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Causal Clustering using Raft protocol
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsno infocan be done with stored procedures in JavaScriptnonoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency infoconfigurable per collection or per write
Immediate Consistency
OneShard (highly available, fault-tolerant deployment mode with ACID semantics)
Immediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes inforelationships in graphsnoyes inforelationships in graphsnoyes infoRelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDmultiple readers, single writerACID infowith snapshot isolationnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infowith periodic snapshot and write-ahead logging (WAL) of changesyesyes infousing RocksDB
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlyesUsers with fine-grained authorization concept on 4 levelsUsers, roles and permissionsAzure Active Directory AuthenticationRole-based access control
More information provided by the system vendor
ArangoDBBaseXMemgraphMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerNebulaGraph
Specific characteristicsGraph and Beyond. With more than 11,000 stargazers on GitHub, ArangoDB is the leading...
» more
Memgraph directly connects to your streaming infrastructure so you and your team...
» more
NebulaGraph is a truly distributed, linearly scalable, lightning-fast graph database,...
» more
Competitive advantagesConsolidation: As a native multi-model database, can be used as a full blown document...
» more
Business Source License ensures a future for the Memgraph community MAGE algorithm...
» more
NebulaGraph boasts the world's only graph database solution that is able to host...
» more
Typical application scenariosNative multi-model in ArangoDB is being used for a broad range of projects across...
» more
Graph algorithms in bioinformatics Social network analysis Cryptocurrency network...
» more
Social networking Fraud detection Knowledge graph Data warehouse management Anti...
» more
Key customersCisco, Barclays, Refinitive, Siemens Mentor, Kabbage, Liaison, Douglas, MakeMyTrip,...
» more
Companies from a variety of industries have implemented NebulaGraph Database in production,...
» more
Market metricsArangoDB is the leading native multi-model database with over 11,000 stargazers on...
» more
At our very early stage, NebulaGraph has already received over 10,000 stars on GitHub...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsVery permissive Apache 2 License for Community Edition & commercial licenses are...
» more
You can check out our pricing model and licenses on the company website .
» more
NebulaGraph is open source and free to use under Apache 2.0 license.
» more

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More resources
ArangoDBBaseXMemgraphMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerNebulaGraph
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