DBMS > Apache Solr vs. Memcached vs. PostgreSQL

System Properties Comparison Apache Solr vs. Memcached vs. PostgreSQL

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

A widely used distributed, scalable search engine based on Apache Lucene

In-memory key-value store, originally intended for caching

Widely used open source RDBMS

Developed as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL

Primary database model

Search engine

Key-value store

Relational DBMS

with object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS

with Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS

with pgvector extension

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	32.79
Rank	#23	Overall
	#3	Search engines

Score	15.47
Rank	#34	Overall
	#4	Key-value stores

Score	674.32
Rank	#4	Overall
	#4	Relational DBMS

Website

solr.apache.org

www.memcached.org

www.postgresql.org

Technical documentation

solr.apache.org/resources.html

github.com/memcached/memcached/wiki

www.postgresql.org/docs

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Danga Interactive

originally developed by Brad Fitzpatrick for LiveJournal

PostgreSQL Global Development Group

www.postgresql.org/developer

Initial release

2006

2003

1989

1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL

Current release

9.6.1, May 2024

1.6.29, June 2024

16.4, August 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2

Open Source

BSD license

Open Source

BSD

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

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Implementation language

Java

Server operating systems

All OS with a Java VM

runs as a servlet in servlet container (e.g. Tomcat, Jetty is included)

FreeBSD
Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows

FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows

Data scheme

yes

Dynamic Fields enables on-the-fly addition of new fields

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

supports customizable data types and automatic typing

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

specific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.

Secondary indexes

yes

All search fields are automatically indexed

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

Solr Parallel SQL Interface

yes

standard with numerous extensions

APIs and other access methods

Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Proprietary protocol

ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects

Supported programming languages

.Net
Erlang
Java
JavaScript
any language that supports sockets and either XML or JSON
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

.Net
C
C++
ColdFusion
Erlang
Java
Lisp
Lua
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby

.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java

JDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

Java plugins

user defined functions

realized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.

Triggers

yes

User configurable commands triggered on index changes

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

none

partitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

none

Repcached, a Memcached patch, provides this functionallity

Source-replica replication

other methods possible by using 3rd party extensions

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

spark-solr: github.com/lucidworks/spark-solr and streaming expressions to reduce

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

optimistic locking

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

yes

using SASL (Simple Authentication and Security Layer) protocol

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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