DBMS > Apache Pinot vs. Microsoft Azure Table Storage vs. NebulaGraph vs. SAP HANA vs. TiDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Pinot vs. Microsoft Azure Table Storage vs. NebulaGraph vs. SAP HANA vs. TiDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Realtime distributed OLAP datastore, designed to answer OLAP queries with low latency

A Wide Column Store for rapid development using massive semi-structured datasets

A distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMS

In-memory, column based data store. Available as appliance or cloud service

TiDB is an open source distributed SQL database that supports Hybrid Transactional/Analytical Processing (HTAP) workloads. It is MySQL compatible and features horizontal scalability, strong consistency, and high availability.

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS

with SAP Hana, Enterprise Edition
Spatial DBMS

Document store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	0.35
Rank	#274	Overall
	#128	Relational DBMS

Score	3.55
Rank	#80	Overall
	#6	Wide column stores

Score	1.92
Rank	#122	Overall
	#11	Graph DBMS

Score	41.32
Rank	#23	Overall
	#16	Relational DBMS

Score	4.09
Rank	#72	Overall
	#38	Relational DBMS

Website

pinot.apache.org

azure.microsoft.com/en-us/services/storage/tables

github.com/vesoft-inc/nebula
www.nebula-graph.io

www.sap.com/products/hana.html

pingcap.com

Technical documentation

docs.pinot.apache.org

docs.nebula-graph.io

help.sap.com/hana

docs.pingcap.com/tidb/stable

Developer

Apache Software Foundation and contributors

Microsoft

Vesoft Inc.

SAP

PingCAP, Inc.

Initial release

2015

2012

2019

2010

2016

Current release

1.0.0, September 2023

2.0 SPS07 (April 4, 2023), April 2023

8.2.0, July 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0

commercial

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

also available as a cloud based service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

TiDB Cloud: Fully-managed TiDB Service. Bring everything great about TiDB to the cloud.

Implementation language

Java

C++

Go, Rust

Server operating systems

All OS with a Java JDK11 or higher

hosted

Linux

Appliance or cloud-service

Linux

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

Strong typed schema

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

Nebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value.

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like query language

yes

APIs and other access methods

JDBC

RESTful HTTP API

Browser interface
console (shell)
Cypher Query Language
GO Object Graph Mapper
Java Object Graph Mapper
NGBatis

ORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-Boot
Proprietary native API
Python Object Graph Mapper
Query language nGQL

JDBC
ODBC

GORM
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
SQLAlchemy

Supported programming languages

Go
Java
Python

.Net
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

.Net
C++
Go
Java
PHP
Python

Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

SQLScript, R

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

horizontal partitioning

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Sharding

yes

horizontal partitioning (by key range)

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

implicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.

Causal Clustering using Raft protocol

yes

Using Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

with TiSpark Connector

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Relationships in graphs

yes

full support since version 6.6

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

optimistic locking

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

using RocksDB

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights based on private key authentication or shared access signatures

Role-based access control

yes

Fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

NebulaGraph is a truly distributed, linearly scalable, lightning-fast graph database,...
» more

TiDB is an advanced open-source, distributed SQL database for modern application...
» more

Competitive advantages

NebulaGraph boasts the world's only graph database solution that is able to host...
» more

- HORIZONTAL SCALING : TiDB grants total transparency into your data workloads without...
» more

Typical application scenarios

Social networking Fraud detection Knowledge graph Data warehouse management Anti...
» more

TiDB is ideal for transactional applications that require extreme scalability and...
» more

Key customers

Companies from a variety of industries have implemented NebulaGraph Database in production,...
» more

Block, Pinterest, Catalyst, Bolt, Flipkart, Capcom, Shopee (E-commerce), JD Cloud...
» more

Market metrics

At our very early stage, NebulaGraph has already received over 10,000 stars on GitHub...
» more

34K+ GitHub stars 5K+ members in TiDB Community Slack 1K+ community contributors...
» more

Licensing and pricing models

NebulaGraph is open source and free to use under Apache 2.0 license.
» more

TiDB Community : Free open source software (Apache 2.0) TiDB Self-Hosted : Enterprise...
» more

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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.