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DBMS > Apache Pinot vs. Graph Engine vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Neo4j vs. Spark SQL

System Properties Comparison Apache Pinot vs. Graph Engine vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Neo4j vs. Spark SQL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Pinot  Xexclude from comparisonGraph Engine infoformer name: Trinity  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonNeo4j  Xexclude from comparisonSpark SQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionRealtime distributed OLAP datastore, designed to answer OLAP queries with low latencyA distributed in-memory data processing engine, underpinned by a strongly-typed RAM store and a general distributed computation engineElastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerScalable, ACID-compliant graph database designed with a high-performance distributed cluster architecture, available in self-hosted and cloud offeringsSpark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processing
Primary database modelRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
Key-value store
Relational DBMSGraph DBMSRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.38
Rank#275  Overall
#126  Relational DBMS
Score0.67
Rank#232  Overall
#21  Graph DBMS
#34  Key-value stores
Score19.93
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Score44.89
Rank#21  Overall
#1  Graph DBMS
Score18.04
Rank#33  Overall
#20  Relational DBMS
Websitepinot.apache.orgwww.graphengine.ioazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticsneo4j.comspark.apache.org/­sql
Technical documentationdocs.pinot.apache.orgwww.graphengine.io/­docs/­manualdocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticsneo4j.com/­docsspark.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­sql-programming-guide.html
DeveloperApache Software Foundation and contributorsMicrosoftMicrosoftNeo4j, Inc.Apache Software Foundation
Initial release20152010201620072014
Current release1.0.0, September 20235.20, May 20243.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoMIT LicensecommercialOpen Source infoGPL version3, commercial licenses availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Neo4j Aura: Neo4j’s fully managed cloud service: The zero-admin, always-on graph database for cloud developers.
Implementation languageJava.NET and CC++Java, ScalaScala
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java JDK11 or higher.NEThostedLinux infoCan also be used server-less as embedded Java database.
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesschema-free and schema-optionalyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono
Secondary indexesyesyes infopluggable indexing subsystem, by default Apache Luceneno
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query languagenoyesnoSQL-like DML and DDL statements
APIs and other access methodsJDBCRESTful HTTP APIADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Bolt protocol
Cypher query language
Java API
Neo4j-OGM infoObject Graph Mapper
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data Neo4j
TinkerPop 3
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesGo
Java
Python
C#
C++
F#
Visual Basic
C#
Java
PHP
.Net
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Java
Python
R
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesTransact SQLyes infoUser defined Procedures and Functionsno
Triggersnonoyes infovia event handlerno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeshorizontal partitioninghorizontal partitioningSharding, horizontal partitioningyes using Neo4j Fabricyes, utilizing Spark Core
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesCausal Clustering using Raft protocol infoavailable in in Enterprise Version onlynone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyCausal and Eventual Consistency configurable in Causal Cluster setup
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynono infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsyes infoRelationships in graphsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentoptional: either by committing a write-ahead log (WAL) to the local persistent storage or by dumping the memory to a persistent storageyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesno
User concepts infoAccess controlyesUsers, roles and permissions. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)no
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache PinotGraph Engine infoformer name: TrinityMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseNeo4jSpark SQL
Specific characteristicsNeo4j delivers graph technology that has been battle tested for performance and scale...
» more
Competitive advantagesNeo4j is the market leader, graph database category creator, and the most widely...
» more
Typical application scenariosReal-Time Recommendations Master Data Management Identity and Access Management Network...
» more
Key customersOver 800 commercial customers and over 4300 startups use Neo4j. Flagship customers...
» more
Market metricsNeo4j boasts the world's largest graph database ecosystem with more than 140 million...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGPL v3 license that can be used all the places where you might use MySQL. Neo4j Commercial...
» more
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