DBMS > Apache Pinot vs. Geode vs. LevelDB vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Oracle NoSQL

System Properties Comparison Apache Pinot vs. Geode vs. LevelDB vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Oracle NoSQL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Realtime distributed OLAP datastore, designed to answer OLAP queries with low latency

Geode is a distributed data container, pooling memory, CPU, network resources, and optionally local disk across multiple processes

Embeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string values

Microsofts flagship relational DBMS

A multi-model, scalable, distributed NoSQL database, designed to provide highly reliable, flexible, and available data management across a configurable set of storage nodes

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Key-value store

Relational DBMS

Document store
Key-value store
Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	0.38
Rank	#275	Overall
	#126	Relational DBMS

Score	1.86
Rank	#134	Overall
	#24	Key-value stores

Score	2.25
Rank	#115	Overall
	#19	Key-value stores

Score	821.56
Rank	#3	Overall
	#3	Relational DBMS

Score	3.05
Rank	#97	Overall
	#17	Document stores
	#16	Key-value stores
	#50	Relational DBMS

Website

pinot.apache.org

geode.apache.org

github.com/google/leveldb

www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server

www.oracle.com/database/nosql/technologies/nosql

Technical documentation

docs.pinot.apache.org

geode.apache.org/docs

github.com/google/leveldb/blob/main/doc/index.md

learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server

docs.oracle.com/en/database/other-databases/nosql-database/index.html

Developer

Apache Software Foundation and contributors

Originally developed by Gemstone. They outsourced the project to Apache in 2015 but still deliver a commercial version as Gemfire.

Google

Microsoft

Oracle

Initial release

2015

2002

2011

1989

2011

Current release

1.0.0, September 2023

1.1, February 2017

1.23, February 2021

SQL Server 2022, November 2022

23.3, December 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

Apache Version 2; commercial licenses available as Gemfire

Open Source

BSD

commercial

restricted free version is available

Open Source

Proprietary for Enterprise Edition (Oracle Database EE license has Oracle NoSQL database EE covered: details)

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

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Implementation language

Java

C++

Java

Server operating systems

All OS with a Java JDK11 or higher

All OS with a Java VM

the JDK (8 or later) is also required

Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux
Windows

Linux
Solaris SPARC/x86

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

Support Fixed schema and Schema-less deployment with the ability to interoperate between them.

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

optional

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like query language

SQL-like query language (OQL)

yes

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

APIs and other access methods

JDBC

Java Client API
Memcached protocol
RESTful HTTP API

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

RESTful HTTP API

Supported programming languages

Go
Java
Python

.Net
All JVM based languages
C++
Groovy
Java
Scala

C++
Go
Java

3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js)

3rd party binding
Python

3rd party binding

C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic

C
C#
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java

Triggers

yes

Cache Event Listeners

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

horizontal partitioning

Sharding

none

tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

none

yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition

Electable source-replica replication per shard. Support distributed global deployment with Multi-region table feature

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

with Hadoop integration

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

depending on configuration

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

yes, on a single node

ACID

configurable

ACID within a storage node (=shard)

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

with automatic compression on writes

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

off heap cache

User concepts

Access control

Access rights per client and object definable

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights for users and roles

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