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DBMS > Apache Phoenix vs. PostgreSQL vs. Prometheus vs. QuestDB vs. Spark SQL

System Properties Comparison Apache Phoenix vs. PostgreSQL vs. Prometheus vs. QuestDB vs. Spark SQL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Phoenix  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonPrometheus  Xexclude from comparisonQuestDB  Xexclude from comparisonSpark SQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA scale-out RDBMS with evolutionary schema built on Apache HBaseWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLOpen-source Time Series DBMS and monitoring systemA high performance open source SQL database for time series dataSpark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processing
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Time Series DBMSTime Series DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.06
Rank#123  Overall
#58  Relational DBMS
Score636.25
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score7.69
Rank#50  Overall
#3  Time Series DBMS
Score2.70
Rank#105  Overall
#8  Time Series DBMS
Score18.04
Rank#33  Overall
#20  Relational DBMS
Websitephoenix.apache.orgwww.postgresql.orgprometheus.ioquestdb.iospark.apache.org/­sql
Technical documentationphoenix.apache.orgwww.postgresql.org/­docsprometheus.io/­docsquestdb.io/­docsspark.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­sql-programming-guide.html
DeveloperApache Software FoundationPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerQuestDB Technology IncApache Software Foundation
Initial release20141989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL201520142014
Current release5.0-HBase2, July 2018 and 4.15-HBase1, December 201916.3, May 20243.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoBSDOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaCGoJava (Zero-GC), C++, RustScala
Server operating systemsLinux
Unix
Windows
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyes infolate-bound, schema-on-read capabilitiesyesyesyes infoschema-free via InfluxDB Line Protocolyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesNumeric data onlyyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no infoImport of XML data possiblenono
Secondary indexesyesyesnonono
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyes infostandard with numerous extensionsnoSQL with time-series extensionsSQL-like DML and DDL statements
APIs and other access methodsJDBCADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
RESTful HTTP/JSON APIHTTP REST
InfluxDB Line Protocol (TCP/UDP)
JDBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesC
C#
C++
Go
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
.Net
C++
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Ruby
C infoPostgreSQL driver
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Rust infoover HTTP
Java
Python
R
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functionsuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.nonono
Triggersnoyesnonono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashShardinghorizontal partitioning (by timestamps)yes, utilizing Spark Core
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Source-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsyes infoby FederationSource-replica replication with eventual consistencynone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsHadoop integrationnonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate Consistency or Eventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencynoneImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnonono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDnoACID for single-table writesno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnonoyes infothrough memory mapped filesno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess Control Lists (using HBase ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABAC, multi-tenancyfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnono
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache PhoenixPostgreSQLPrometheusQuestDBSpark SQL
Specific characteristicsRelational model with native time series support Column-based storage and time partitioned...
» more
Competitive advantagesHigh ingestion throughput: peak of 4M rows/sec (TSBS Benchmark) Code optimizations...
» more
Typical application scenariosFinancial tick data Industrial IoT Application Metrics Monitoring
» more
Key customersBanks & Hedge funds, Yahoo, OKX, Airbus, Aquis Exchange, Net App, Cloudera, Airtel,...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsOpen source Apache 2.0 QuestDB Enterprise QuestDB Cloud
» more
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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

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