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DBMS > Apache Phoenix vs. NebulaGraph vs. Spark SQL vs. Trino

System Properties Comparison Apache Phoenix vs. NebulaGraph vs. Spark SQL vs. Trino

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Phoenix  Xexclude from comparisonNebulaGraph  Xexclude from comparisonSpark SQL  Xexclude from comparisonTrino  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA scale-out RDBMS with evolutionary schema built on Apache HBaseA distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMSSpark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processingFast distributed SQL query engine for big data analytics. Forked from Presto and originally named PrestoSQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSGraph DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Key-value store
Spatial DBMS
Search engine
Time Series DBMS
Wide column store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.97
Rank#126  Overall
#59  Relational DBMS
Score2.14
Rank#120  Overall
#10  Graph DBMS
Score18.96
Rank#33  Overall
#20  Relational DBMS
Score5.00
Rank#66  Overall
#36  Relational DBMS
Websitephoenix.apache.orggithub.com/­vesoft-inc/­nebula
www.nebula-graph.io
spark.apache.org/­sqltrino.io
Technical documentationphoenix.apache.orgdocs.nebula-graph.iospark.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­sql-programming-guide.htmltrino.io/­broadcast
trino.io/­docs/­current
Social network pagesLinkedInTwitterYouTubeGitHub
DeveloperApache Software FoundationVesoft Inc.Apache Software FoundationTrino Software Foundation
Initial release2014201920142012 info2020 rebranded from PrestoSQL
Current release5.0-HBase2, July 2018 and 4.15-HBase1, December 20193.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoApache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0Open Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache Version 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Starburst Galaxy offers a feature-rich user interface to connect all your data sources, manage your Trino clusters, and query your data.
Implementation languageJavaC++ScalaJava
Server operating systemsLinux
Unix
Windows
LinuxLinux
OS X
Windows
Linux
macOS infofor devlopment
Data schemeyes infolate-bound, schema-on-read capabilitiesStrong typed schemayesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesyesyes infoNebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value.nodepending on connected data-source
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesSQL-like query languageSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyes
APIs and other access methodsJDBCBrowser interface
console (shell)
Cypher Query Language
GO Object Graph Mapper
Java Object Graph Mapper
NGBatis infoORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-Boot
Proprietary native API
Python Object Graph Mapper
Query language nGQL
JDBC
ODBC
JDBC
RESTful HTTP API
Trino CLI
Supported programming languagesC
C#
C++
Go
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala
.Net
C++
Go
Java
PHP
Python
Java
Python
R
Scala
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
R
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functionsuser defined functionsnoyes, depending on connected data-source
Triggersnonono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingyes, utilizing Spark Coredepending on connected data-source
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Causal Clustering using Raft protocolnonedepending on connected data-source
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsHadoop integrationnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate Consistency or Eventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistencydepending on connected data-source
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes infoRelationships in graphsnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDnodepending on connected data-source
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infousing RocksDByesdepending on connected data-source
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess Control Lists (using HBase ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABAC, multi-tenancyRole-based access controlnoSQL standard access control
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache PhoenixNebulaGraphSpark SQLTrino
Specific characteristicsNebulaGraph is a truly distributed, linearly scalable, lightning-fast graph database,...
» more
Trino is the fastest open source, massively parallel processing SQL query engine...
» more
Competitive advantagesNebulaGraph boasts the world's only graph database solution that is able to host...
» more
High performance analtyics and data processing of very large data sets Powerful ANSI...
» more
Typical application scenariosSocial networking Fraud detection Knowledge graph Data warehouse management Anti...
» more
Performant analytics query engine for data warehouses, data lakes, and data lakehouses...
» more
Key customersCompanies from a variety of industries have implemented NebulaGraph Database in production,...
» more
Trino is widely adopted across the globe as freely-available open source software....
» more
Market metricsAt our very early stage, NebulaGraph has already received over 10,000 stars on GitHub...
» more
33000+ commits in GitHub 8200+ stargazers in GitHub 1200+ pull requests merged in...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsNebulaGraph is open source and free to use under Apache 2.0 license.
» more
Trino is an open source project and usage is therefore free. Commercial offerings...
» more
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Apache PhoenixNebulaGraphSpark SQLTrino
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