DBMS > Apache Phoenix vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. TerminusDB vs. TimesTen vs. TinkerGraph

System Properties Comparison Apache Phoenix vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. TerminusDB vs. TimesTen vs. TinkerGraph

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

A scale-out RDBMS with evolutionary schema built on Apache HBase

Globally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database service

Scalable Graph Database platform making enterprise data available by exploiting inferred entities and relationships

In-Memory RDBMS compatible to Oracle

A lightweight, in-memory graph engine that serves as a reference implementation of the TinkerPop3 API

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store

Graph DBMS

Relational DBMS

Graph DBMS

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

Document store
RDF store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.97
Rank	#126	Overall
	#59	Relational DBMS

Score	29.04
Rank	#27	Overall
	#4	Document stores
	#2	Graph DBMS
	#3	Key-value stores
	#3	Wide column stores

Score	0.17
Rank	#325	Overall
	#29	Graph DBMS

Score	1.31
Rank	#163	Overall
	#74	Relational DBMS

Score	0.08
Rank	#348	Overall
	#35	Graph DBMS

Website

phoenix.apache.org

azure.microsoft.com/services/cosmos-db

terminusdb.com

www.oracle.com/database/technologies/related/timesten.html

tinkerpop.apache.org/docs/current/reference/#tinkergraph-gremlin

Technical documentation

phoenix.apache.org

learn.microsoft.com/azure/cosmos-db

terminusdb.github.io/terminusdb/#

docs.oracle.com/database/timesten-18.1

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Microsoft

DataChemist Ltd.

Oracle, TimesTen Performance Software, HP

originally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005

Initial release

2014

2018

1998

2009

Current release

5.0-HBase2, July 2018 and 4.15-HBase1, December 2019

11.0.0, January 2023

11 Release 2 (11.2.2.8.0)

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

commercial

Open Source

GPL V3

commercial

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

Java

Prolog, Rust

Java

Server operating systems

Linux
Unix
Windows

hosted

Linux

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows

Data scheme

yes

late-bound, schema-on-read capabilities

schema-free

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

JSON types

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

All properties auto-indexed by default

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

SQL-like query language

SQL-like query language (WOQL)

yes

APIs and other access methods

JDBC

DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API

OWL
RESTful HTTP API
WOQL (Web Object Query Language)

JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)

TinkerPop 3

Supported programming languages

C
C#
C++
Go
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala

.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python

JavaScript
Python

C
C++
Java
PL/SQL

Groovy
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

JavaScript

yes

PL/SQL

Triggers

JavaScript

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Graph Partitioning

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Journaling Streams

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Hadoop integration

with Hadoop integration

Integration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency

Bounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Consistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration

none

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Relationships in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Multi-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partition

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

in-memory journaling

yes

by means of logfiles and checkpoints

optional

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access Control Lists (using HBase ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABAC, multi-tenancy

Access rights can be defined down to the item level

Role-based access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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