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DBMS > Apache Phoenix vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. LevelDB vs. RDF4J vs. Sequoiadb

System Properties Comparison Apache Phoenix vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. LevelDB vs. RDF4J vs. Sequoiadb

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Phoenix  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame  Xexclude from comparisonSequoiadb  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA scale-out RDBMS with evolutionary schema built on Apache HBaseA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Embeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesRDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.NewSQL database with distributed OLTP and SQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSKey-value storeRDF storeDocument store
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.97
Rank#126  Overall
#59  Relational DBMS
Score2.89
Rank#103  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Score2.35
Rank#111  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Score0.69
Rank#230  Overall
#9  RDF stores
Score0.45
Rank#261  Overall
#41  Document stores
#122  Relational DBMS
Websitephoenix.apache.orgcloud.google.com/­spannergithub.com/­google/­leveldbrdf4j.orgwww.sequoiadb.com
Technical documentationphoenix.apache.orgcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.mdrdf4j.org/­documentationwww.sequoiadb.com/­en/­index.php?m=Files&a=index
DeveloperApache Software FoundationGoogleGoogleSince 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.Sequoiadb Ltd.
Initial release20142017201120042013
Current release5.0-HBase2, July 2018 and 4.15-HBase1, December 20191.23, February 2021
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0commercialOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoEclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.Open Source infoServer: AGPL; Client: Apache V2
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaC++JavaC++
Server operating systemsLinux
Unix
Windows
hostedIllumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Linux
Data schemeyes infolate-bound, schema-on-read capabilitiesyesschema-freeyes infoRDF Schemasschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnoyesyes infooid, date, timestamp, binary, regex
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesyesyesnoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011nonoSQL-like query language
APIs and other access methodsJDBCgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
Java API
RIO infoRDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL infoSesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL
proprietary protocol using JSON
Supported programming languagesC
C#
C++
Go
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
Java
PHP
Python
.Net
C++
Java
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functionsnonoyesJavaScript
Triggersnononoyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingnonenoneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Multi-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.nonenoneSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsHadoop integrationyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate Consistency or Eventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integritynono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACID infoStrict serializable isolationnoACID infoIsolation support depends on the API usedDocument is locked during a transaction
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infowith automatic compression on writesyes infoin-memory storage is supported as wellyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess Control Lists (using HBase ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABAC, multi-tenancyAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)nonosimple password-based access control

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More resources
Apache PhoenixGoogle Cloud SpannerLevelDBRDF4J infoformerly known as SesameSequoiadb
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