DBMS > Apache Phoenix vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. Kinetica vs. LevelDB vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB

System Properties Comparison Apache Phoenix vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. Kinetica vs. LevelDB vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

A scale-out RDBMS with evolutionary schema built on Apache HBase

Automatically scaling NoSQL Database as a Service (DBaaS) on the Google Cloud Platform

Fully vectorized database across both GPUs and CPUs

Embeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string values

Globally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database service

Primary database model

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS

Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.06
Rank	#123	Overall
	#58	Relational DBMS

Score	4.36
Rank	#72	Overall
	#12	Document stores

Score	0.66
Rank	#234	Overall
	#107	Relational DBMS

Score	2.25
Rank	#115	Overall
	#19	Key-value stores

Score	27.71
Rank	#27	Overall
	#4	Document stores
	#2	Graph DBMS
	#3	Key-value stores
	#3	Wide column stores

Website

phoenix.apache.org

cloud.google.com/datastore

www.kinetica.com

github.com/google/leveldb

azure.microsoft.com/services/cosmos-db

Technical documentation

phoenix.apache.org

cloud.google.com/datastore/docs

docs.kinetica.com

github.com/google/leveldb/blob/main/doc/index.md

learn.microsoft.com/azure/cosmos-db

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Google

Kinetica

Google

Microsoft

Initial release

2014

2008

2012

2011

2014

Current release

5.0-HBase2, July 2018 and 4.15-HBase1, December 2019

7.1, August 2021

1.23, February 2021

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

commercial

Open Source

BSD

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

C, C++

C++

Server operating systems

Linux
Unix
Windows

hosted

Linux

Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows

hosted

Data scheme

yes

late-bound, schema-on-read capabilities

schema-free

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

yes, details here

yes

JSON types

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

All properties auto-indexed by default

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

SQL-like query language (GQL)

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

SQL-like query language

APIs and other access methods

JDBC

gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API

Supported programming languages

C
C#
C++
Go
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala

.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

C++
Go
Java

3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js)

3rd party binding
Python

3rd party binding

.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

using Google App Engine

user defined functions

JavaScript

Triggers

Callbacks using the Google Apps Engine

yes

triggers when inserted values for one or more columns fall within a specified range

JavaScript

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

none

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

Multi-source replication using Paxos

Source-replica replication

none

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Hadoop integration

yes

using Google Cloud Dataflow

with Hadoop integration

Integration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on type of query and configuration

Strong Consistency is default for entity lookups and queries within an Entity Group (but can instead be made eventually consistent). Other queries are always eventual consistent.

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration

Immediate Consistency

Bounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Consistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

via ReferenceProperties or Ancestor paths

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Serializable Isolation within Transactions, Read Committed outside of Transactions

Multi-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partition

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

with automatic compression on writes

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

GPU vRAM or System RAM

User concepts

Access control

Access Control Lists (using HBase ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABAC, multi-tenancy

Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)

Access rights for users and roles on table level

Access rights can be defined down to the item level

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