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DBMS > Apache Phoenix vs. Dgraph vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Hive vs. VelocityDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Phoenix vs. Dgraph vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Hive vs. VelocityDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Phoenix  Xexclude from comparisonDgraph  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonHive  Xexclude from comparisonVelocityDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA scale-out RDBMS with evolutionary schema built on Apache HBaseDistributed and scalable native Graph DBMSA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.data warehouse software for querying and managing large distributed datasets, built on HadoopA .NET Object Database that can be embedded/distributed and extended to a graph data model (VelocityGraph)
Primary database modelRelational DBMSGraph DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
Object oriented DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.97
Rank#126  Overall
#59  Relational DBMS
Score1.45
Rank#156  Overall
#15  Graph DBMS
Score2.89
Rank#103  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Score61.17
Rank#18  Overall
#12  Relational DBMS
Score0.05
Rank#358  Overall
#36  Graph DBMS
#16  Object oriented DBMS
Websitephoenix.apache.orgdgraph.iocloud.google.com/­spannerhive.apache.orgvelocitydb.com
Technical documentationphoenix.apache.orgdgraph.io/­docscloud.google.com/­spanner/­docscwiki.apache.org/­confluence/­display/­Hive/­Homevelocitydb.com/­UserGuide
DeveloperApache Software FoundationDgraph Labs, Inc.GoogleApache Software Foundation infoinitially developed by FacebookVelocityDB Inc
Initial release20142016201720122011
Current release5.0-HBase2, July 2018 and 4.15-HBase1, December 20193.1.3, April 20227.x
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoApache 2.0commercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaGoJavaC#
Server operating systemsLinux
Unix
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
hostedAll OS with a Java VMAny that supports .NET
Data schemeyes infolate-bound, schema-on-read capabilitiesschema-freeyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesnoyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011SQL-like DML and DDL statementsno
APIs and other access methodsJDBCGraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
Thrift
.Net
Supported programming languagesC
C#
C++
Go
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C++
Java
PHP
Python
.Net
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functionsnonoyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceno
TriggersnonononoCallbacks are triggered when data changes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingyesShardingShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Synchronous replication via RaftMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.selectable replication factor
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsHadoop integrationnoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowyes infoquery execution via MapReduceno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate Consistency or Eventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integritynono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACID infoStrict serializable isolationnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess Control Lists (using HBase ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABAC, multi-tenancyno infoPlanned for future releasesAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Access rights for users, groups and rolesBased on Windows Authentication

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Apache PhoenixDgraphGoogle Cloud SpannerHiveVelocityDB
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