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DBMS > Apache Phoenix vs. Dgraph vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Hive

System Properties Comparison Apache Phoenix vs. Dgraph vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Hive

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Phoenix  Xexclude from comparisonDgraph  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonHive  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA scale-out RDBMS with evolutionary schema built on Apache HBaseDistributed and scalable native Graph DBMSA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.data warehouse software for querying and managing large distributed datasets, built on Hadoop
Primary database modelRelational DBMSGraph DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.06
Rank#123  Overall
#58  Relational DBMS
Score1.53
Rank#152  Overall
#15  Graph DBMS
Score2.84
Rank#100  Overall
#51  Relational DBMS
Score59.76
Rank#18  Overall
#12  Relational DBMS
Websitephoenix.apache.orgdgraph.iocloud.google.com/­spannerhive.apache.org
Technical documentationphoenix.apache.orgdgraph.io/­docscloud.google.com/­spanner/­docscwiki.apache.org/­confluence/­display/­Hive/­Home
DeveloperApache Software FoundationDgraph Labs, Inc.GoogleApache Software Foundation infoinitially developed by Facebook
Initial release2014201620172012
Current release5.0-HBase2, July 2018 and 4.15-HBase1, December 20193.1.3, April 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoApache 2.0commercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaGoJava
Server operating systemsLinux
Unix
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
hostedAll OS with a Java VM
Data schemeyes infolate-bound, schema-on-read capabilitiesschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesnoyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011SQL-like DML and DDL statements
APIs and other access methodsJDBCGraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
Thrift
Supported programming languagesC
C#
C++
Go
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C++
Java
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functionsnonoyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduce
Triggersnononono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingyesShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Synchronous replication via RaftMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.selectable replication factor
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsHadoop integrationnoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowyes infoquery execution via MapReduce
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate Consistency or Eventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACID infoStrict serializable isolationno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess Control Lists (using HBase ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABAC, multi-tenancyno infoPlanned for future releasesAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Access rights for users, groups and roles

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Apache PhoenixDgraphGoogle Cloud SpannerHive
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