DBMS > Apache Phoenix vs. Datomic vs. Dgraph vs. RocksDB vs. UniData,UniVerse

System Properties Comparison Apache Phoenix vs. Datomic vs. Dgraph vs. RocksDB vs. UniData,UniVerse

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

A scale-out RDBMS with evolutionary schema built on Apache HBase

Datomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durability

Distributed and scalable native Graph DBMS

Embeddable persistent key-value store optimized for fast storage (flash and RAM)

MultiValue database and application server with SQL mapping layer and meta database capabilities

Primary database model

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.06
Rank	#123	Overall
	#58	Relational DBMS

Score	1.66
Rank	#144	Overall
	#66	Relational DBMS

Score	1.53
Rank	#152	Overall
	#15	Graph DBMS

Score	3.41
Rank	#86	Overall
	#11	Key-value stores

Score	2.85
Rank	#98	Overall
	#1	Multivalue DBMS

Website

www.rocketsoftware.com/products/rocket-multivalue-application-development-platform/rocket-unidata

Technical documentation

phoenix.apache.org

docs.datomic.com

dgraph.io/docs

github.com/facebook/rocksdb/wiki

docs.rocketsoftware.com/bundle?cluster=true&labelkey=unidata&labelkey=prod_unidata

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Cognitect

Dgraph Labs, Inc.

Facebook, Inc.

Rocket Software

Initial release

2014

2012

2016

2013

1985

Current release

5.0-HBase2, July 2018 and 4.15-HBase1, December 2019

1.0.6735, June 2023

9.2.1, May 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

commercial

limited edition free

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

BSD

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

Java

Java, Clojure

C++

Server operating systems

Linux
Unix
Windows

All OS with a Java VM

Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows

Data scheme

yes

late-bound, schema-on-read capabilities

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

optional

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

APIs and other access methods

JDBC

RESTful HTTP API

GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API

C++ API
Java API

Java API

JPA
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Proprietary protocol
RESTful HTTP API
SOAP-based API

Supported programming languages

C
C#
C++
Go
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala

Clojure
Java

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

C
C++
Go
Java
Perl
Python
Ruby

.Net
Basic

U2 Basic
C
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

yes

Transaction Functions

yes

Triggers

By using transaction functions

yes

U2 Basic

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

none

But extensive use of caching in the application peers

yes

horizontal partitioning

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

none

But extensive use of caching in the application peers

Synchronous replication via Raft

yes

Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Hadoop integration

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

yes

ACID

configurable

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

using external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

recommended only for testing and development

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access Control Lists (using HBase ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABAC, multi-tenancy

Planned for future releases

Access rights according to SQL-standard and operating system based

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